Piper PA-28-181 Archer III — Emergency Procedures

Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) engine_failure_before_rotation

Best glide airspeed — pitch immediately to conserve altitude and extend glide rangeMEMORYESTABLISH PER POH
Landing area — select best available surface straight ahead or with the smallest practical turn; avoid low turns to return to runwayMEMORYSELECTED
ThrottleMEMORYCLOSE
Flaps — adjust for selected landing surface; partial flap may allow steeper descent to a short fieldMEMORYAS REQUIRED FOR TERRAIN
MixtureMEMORYIDLE CUT-OFF BEFORE TOUCHDOWN
IgnitionMEMORYOFF BEFORE TOUCHDOWN
Master switchMEMORYOFF BEFORE TOUCHDOWN

Best glide airspeed — establish immediately to maximize range and time availableMEMORYESTABLISH PER POH
Landing area — identify best available field or surface within glide rangeMEMORYSELECTED
Carburetor heatMEMORYON — apply immediately; carb ice may have caused the failure
Fuel selector — switch to the tank with more fuel; verify selector is on a tankMEMORYFULLEST TANK
MixtureMEMORYRICH
ThrottleMEMORYADVANCE — check if partial power is available
Primer — ensure closed and locked; an unlocked primer can lean the mixtureIN AND LOCKED
Ignition — cycle through LEFT and RIGHT to identify a failed magneto or broken leadCHECK BOTH
Restart attempt — if engine fails to start and forced landing is committed, execute forced landing checklistATTEMPT OR COMMIT TO FORCED LANDING
Mayday call — declare emergency with position, altitude, and intentions121.5 MHZ OR LAST ATC FREQUENCY

MixtureMEMORYIDLE CUT-OFF — starve the engine of fuel immediately
Fuel selectorMEMORYOFF
ThrottleMEMORYFULL OPEN — draw fuel remaining in the induction system away from the fire
IgnitionMEMORYOFF
Master switchMEMORYOFF
Heater and vents — close all fresh-air vents and cabin heat to reduce airflow feeding the fireMEMORYCLOSED
Airspeed — increase to a speed that may help extinguish the fire by slipstream; do not exceed VneMEMORYINCREASE WITHIN LIMITS
Forced landing — execute forced landing procedure immediately; do not delay for a restartMEMORYINITIATE FORCED LANDING

Starter — continue cranking if fire is in the induction system; cranking may draw fire back through the intakeMEMORYCONTINUE CRANKING (induction fire)
Throttle — advance to assist drawing fuel and fire into the engine if induction fireMEMORYADVANCE (induction fire only)
MixtureMEMORYIDLE CUT-OFF
Fuel selectorMEMORYOFF
IgnitionMEMORYOFF
Master switchMEMORYOFF
Evacuate — exit all occupants immediately; move upwind away from the aircraftMEMORYEVACUATE IMMEDIATELY
Fire extinguisher — use only if fire is small, accessible, and escape route is clearAS ABLE; CALL FIRE SERVICES

Master switchMEMORYOFF — remove all electrical power
Avionics master switchMEMORYOFF
All electrical switches — lights, fan, pitot heatMEMORYOFF
Vents — open to vent smoke from cockpit; fresh air assists in clearing fumesMEMORYOPEN VENTS, CLOSE HEAT
Fire extinguisher — discharge toward source of smoke if identified and accessibleAS REQUIRED
Land as soon as practicable — smoke or fumes indicate a potential for rapid fire spread; do not delayMEMORYDIVERT AND LAND
Electrical switches — after smoke clears, restore individual switches one at a time to identify the faulty circuit before landingRESTORE SELECTIVELY AS NEEDED
Circuit breakers — do not reset a tripped breaker in flight unless essential for safety; a tripped breaker indicates a faultDO NOT RESET UNLESS ESSENTIAL

Oil pressure gauge — verify indication; cross-check oil temperature for confirming trendMEMORYVERIFY; CROSS-CHECK OIL TEMP
Throttle — reduce power to minimum needed to maintain flight; lower power reduces engine stressMEMORYREDUCE TO MINIMUM REQUIRED
Landing area — identify a suitable field or airport within close range; engine seizure may be imminentMEMORYIDENTIFY NEAREST SUITABLE AREA
Mayday call — declare emergency with position, nature of malfunction, and intentionsDECLARE EMERGENCY
Land as soon as possible — if pressure is zero or temperature is rising abnormally, do not delay; engine seizure can occur without warningMEMORYLAND IMMEDIATELY
After landing — do not run the engine; inspect for oil loss before any further operationSHUT DOWN AND INSPECT

Carburetor heat — apply FULL ON at first sign of unexplained RPM loss or engine roughness in cruise or descentMEMORYFULL ON
RPM — monitor for initial further drop as ice melts and passes through the induction system, followed by recoveryEXPECT BRIEF DROP THEN RECOVERY
Throttle — avoid large changes while carburetor heat is applied; heat reduces available powerSTABLE THROTTLE
Carburetor heat — leave ON until RPM recovers and stabilizes above original indication; then return to COLDLEAVE ON UNTIL RECOVERED; THEN COLD
If RPM does not recover — land as soon as practicable; severe ice accumulation may not fully clear with heat aloneMEMORYDIVERT IF NO RECOVERY
Icing conditions — if conditions are conducive to carburetor ice (temperature between approximately 20 and 70 F with visible moisture or high humidity), apply carburetor heat periodically as a preventive measureAPPLY PERIODICALLY IN ICING CONDITIONS

Best glide airspeed — establish and maintain throughout the approach; do not let speed decay or build excessivelyMEMORYESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN PER POH
Landing area — select field considering length, surface, slope, obstacles, and wind direction; commit earlyMEMORYSELECTED AND COMMITTED
Mayday call — transmit position, altitude, nature of emergency, and intended landing area121.5 MHZ OR LAST ATC FREQUENCY
Transponder7700
Fuel selectorMEMORYOFF
MixtureMEMORYIDLE CUT-OFF
IgnitionMEMORYOFF at short final, prior to flare
Master switchMEMORYOFF at short final, prior to flare
Seat belts and shoulder harnessesMEMORYCONFIRM TIGHT ON ALL OCCUPANTS
Doors — unlatch before touchdown to prevent jamming in impact; hold door slightly ajarMEMORYUNLATCHED BEFORE TOUCHDOWN
Flaps — extend on final as needed to control descent angle and landing speed per POHAS REQUIRED FOR FIELD AND CONDITIONS
After landing — evacuate aircraft promptly and move upwind to prevent injury from possible fireEVACUATE AND MOVE CLEAR