# Piper PA-28-181 Archer III — Emergency Procedures # NOT FOR FLIGHT — source fidelity: not_applicable | operational review: none | completeness: partial | 2 unresolved safety defect(s) # Source: authored — no source document # Rights: original_expression CC-BY-4.0 # Checklist hash: 93016fd46fb28dd9014bf960a54a4fe5f618c0e97c137dcd93b452fe3157ea57 # Verify against the aircraft's own approved documentation before use. section_id phase criticality section_title item_index item_id type tickable memory_item indent text response condition detail engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 0 engine-failure-before-rotation-1 action yes yes 0 Throttle CLOSE IMMEDIATELY engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 1 engine-failure-before-rotation-2 action yes yes 0 Brakes APPLY FIRMLY — STOP ON REMAINING RUNWAY engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 2 engine-failure-before-rotation-3 action yes yes 0 Mixture IDLE CUT-OFF engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 3 engine-failure-before-rotation-4 action yes yes 0 Ignition OFF engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 4 engine-failure-before-rotation-5 action yes yes 0 Fuel selector OFF engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 5 engine-failure-before-rotation-6 action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF engine-failure-before-rotation engine_failure_before_rotation emergency Engine Failure on Takeoff Roll (Before Lift-Off) 6 engine-failure-before-rotation-7 action yes no 0 Evacuate aircraft if fire or fuel spill present AS REQUIRED engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 0 engine-failure-after-takeoff-1 action yes yes 0 Best glide airspeed — pitch immediately to conserve altitude and extend glide range ESTABLISH PER POH engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 1 engine-failure-after-takeoff-2 action yes yes 0 Landing area — select best available surface straight ahead or with the smallest practical turn; avoid low turns to return to runway SELECTED engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 2 engine-failure-after-takeoff-3 action yes yes 0 Throttle CLOSE engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 3 engine-failure-after-takeoff-4 action yes yes 0 Flaps — adjust for selected landing surface; partial flap may allow steeper descent to a short field AS REQUIRED FOR TERRAIN engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 4 engine-failure-after-takeoff-5 action yes yes 0 Mixture IDLE CUT-OFF BEFORE TOUCHDOWN engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 5 engine-failure-after-takeoff-6 action yes yes 0 Ignition OFF BEFORE TOUCHDOWN engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Lift-Off 6 engine-failure-after-takeoff-7 action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF BEFORE TOUCHDOWN engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 0 engine-failure-in-flight-1 action yes yes 0 Best glide airspeed — establish immediately to maximize range and time available ESTABLISH PER POH engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 1 engine-failure-in-flight-2 action yes yes 0 Landing area — identify best available field or surface within glide range SELECTED engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 2 engine-failure-in-flight-3 action yes yes 0 Carburetor heat ON — apply immediately; carb ice may have caused the failure engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 3 engine-failure-in-flight-4 action yes yes 0 Fuel selector — switch to the tank with more fuel; verify selector is on a tank FULLEST TANK engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 4 engine-failure-in-flight-5 action yes yes 0 Mixture RICH engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 5 engine-failure-in-flight-6 action yes yes 0 Throttle ADVANCE — check if partial power is available engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 6 engine-failure-in-flight-7 action yes no 0 Primer — ensure closed and locked; an unlocked primer can lean the mixture IN AND LOCKED engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 7 engine-failure-in-flight-8 action yes no 0 Ignition — cycle through LEFT and RIGHT to identify a failed magneto or broken lead CHECK BOTH engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 8 engine-failure-in-flight-9 action yes no 0 Restart attempt — if engine fails to start and forced landing is committed, execute forced landing checklist ATTEMPT OR COMMIT TO FORCED LANDING engine-failure-in-flight engine_failure_in_flight emergency Engine Failure in Flight 9 engine-failure-in-flight-10 action yes no 0 Mayday call — declare emergency with position, altitude, and intentions 121.5 MHZ OR LAST ATC FREQUENCY engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 0 engine-fire-in-flight-1 action yes yes 0 Mixture IDLE CUT-OFF — starve the engine of fuel immediately engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 1 engine-fire-in-flight-2 action yes yes 0 Fuel selector OFF engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 2 engine-fire-in-flight-3 action yes yes 0 Throttle FULL OPEN — draw fuel remaining in the induction system away from the fire engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 3 engine-fire-in-flight-4 action yes yes 0 Ignition OFF engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 4 engine-fire-in-flight-5 action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 5 engine-fire-in-flight-6 action yes yes 0 Heater and vents — close all fresh-air vents and cabin heat to reduce airflow feeding the fire CLOSED engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 6 engine-fire-in-flight-7 action yes yes 0 Airspeed — increase to a speed that may help extinguish the fire by slipstream; do not exceed Vne INCREASE WITHIN LIMITS engine-fire-in-flight engine_fire_in_flight emergency Engine Fire in Flight 7 engine-fire-in-flight-8 action yes yes 0 Forced landing — execute forced landing procedure immediately; do not delay for a restart INITIATE FORCED LANDING engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 0 engine-fire-ground-1 action yes yes 0 Starter — continue cranking if fire is in the induction system; cranking may draw fire back through the intake CONTINUE CRANKING (induction fire) engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 1 engine-fire-ground-2 action yes yes 0 Throttle — advance to assist drawing fuel and fire into the engine if induction fire ADVANCE (induction fire only) engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 2 engine-fire-ground-3 action yes yes 0 Mixture IDLE CUT-OFF engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 3 engine-fire-ground-4 action yes yes 0 Fuel selector OFF engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 4 engine-fire-ground-5 action yes yes 0 Ignition OFF engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 5 engine-fire-ground-6 action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 6 engine-fire-ground-7 action yes yes 0 Evacuate — exit all occupants immediately; move upwind away from the aircraft EVACUATE IMMEDIATELY engine-fire-ground engine_fire_ground emergency Engine Fire on Ground (During or After Start) 7 engine-fire-ground-8 action yes no 0 Fire extinguisher — use only if fire is small, accessible, and escape route is clear AS ABLE; CALL FIRE SERVICES electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 0 electrical-fire-1 action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF — remove all electrical power electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 1 electrical-fire-2 action yes yes 0 Avionics master switch OFF electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 2 electrical-fire-3 action yes yes 0 All electrical switches — lights, fan, pitot heat OFF electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 3 electrical-fire-4 action yes yes 0 Vents — open to vent smoke from cockpit; fresh air assists in clearing fumes OPEN VENTS, CLOSE HEAT electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 4 electrical-fire-5 action yes no 0 Fire extinguisher — discharge toward source of smoke if identified and accessible AS REQUIRED electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 5 electrical-fire-6 action yes yes 0 Land as soon as practicable — smoke or fumes indicate a potential for rapid fire spread; do not delay DIVERT AND LAND electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 6 electrical-fire-7 action yes no 0 Electrical switches — after smoke clears, restore individual switches one at a time to identify the faulty circuit before landing RESTORE SELECTIVELY AS NEEDED electrical-fire electrical_fire emergency Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit 7 electrical-fire-8 action yes no 0 Circuit breakers — do not reset a tripped breaker in flight unless essential for safety; a tripped breaker indicates a fault DO NOT RESET UNLESS ESSENTIAL oil-system-malfunction oil_system_malfunction emergency Loss of Oil Pressure 0 oil-system-malfunction-1 action yes yes 0 Oil pressure gauge — verify indication; cross-check oil temperature for confirming trend VERIFY; CROSS-CHECK OIL TEMP oil-system-malfunction oil_system_malfunction emergency Loss of Oil Pressure 1 oil-system-malfunction-2 action yes yes 0 Throttle — reduce power to minimum needed to maintain flight; lower power reduces engine stress REDUCE TO MINIMUM REQUIRED oil-system-malfunction oil_system_malfunction emergency Loss of Oil Pressure 2 oil-system-malfunction-3 action yes yes 0 Landing area — identify a suitable field or airport within close range; engine seizure may be imminent IDENTIFY NEAREST SUITABLE AREA oil-system-malfunction oil_system_malfunction emergency Loss of Oil Pressure 3 oil-system-malfunction-4 action yes no 0 Mayday call — declare emergency with position, nature of malfunction, and intentions DECLARE EMERGENCY oil-system-malfunction oil_system_malfunction emergency Loss of Oil Pressure 4 oil-system-malfunction-5 action yes yes 0 Land as soon as possible — if pressure is zero or temperature is rising abnormally, do not delay; engine seizure can occur without warning LAND IMMEDIATELY oil-system-malfunction oil_system_malfunction emergency Loss of Oil Pressure 5 oil-system-malfunction-6 action yes no 0 After landing — do not run the engine; inspect for oil loss before any further operation SHUT DOWN AND INSPECT carburetor-icing carburetor_icing abnormal Carburetor Ice 0 carburetor-icing-1 action yes yes 0 Carburetor heat — apply FULL ON at first sign of unexplained RPM loss or engine roughness in cruise or descent FULL ON carburetor-icing carburetor_icing abnormal Carburetor Ice 1 carburetor-icing-2 action yes no 0 RPM — monitor for initial further drop as ice melts and passes through the induction system, followed by recovery EXPECT BRIEF DROP THEN RECOVERY carburetor-icing carburetor_icing abnormal Carburetor Ice 2 carburetor-icing-3 action yes no 0 Throttle — avoid large changes while carburetor heat is applied; heat reduces available power STABLE THROTTLE carburetor-icing carburetor_icing abnormal Carburetor Ice 3 carburetor-icing-4 action yes no 0 Carburetor heat — leave ON until RPM recovers and stabilizes above original indication; then return to COLD LEAVE ON UNTIL RECOVERED; THEN COLD carburetor-icing carburetor_icing abnormal Carburetor Ice 4 carburetor-icing-5 action yes yes 0 If RPM does not recover — land as soon as practicable; severe ice accumulation may not fully clear with heat alone DIVERT IF NO RECOVERY carburetor-icing carburetor_icing abnormal Carburetor Ice 5 carburetor-icing-6 action yes no 0 Icing conditions — if conditions are conducive to carburetor ice (temperature between approximately 20 and 70 F with visible moisture or high humidity), apply carburetor heat periodically as a preventive measure APPLY PERIODICALLY IN ICING CONDITIONS forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 0 forced-landing-1 action yes yes 0 Best glide airspeed — establish and maintain throughout the approach; do not let speed decay or build excessively ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN PER POH forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 1 forced-landing-2 action yes yes 0 Landing area — select field considering length, surface, slope, obstacles, and wind direction; commit early SELECTED AND COMMITTED forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 2 forced-landing-3 action yes no 0 Mayday call — transmit position, altitude, nature of emergency, and intended landing area 121.5 MHZ OR LAST ATC FREQUENCY forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 3 forced-landing-4 action yes no 0 Transponder 7700 forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 4 forced-landing-5 action yes yes 0 Fuel selector OFF forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 5 forced-landing-6 action yes yes 0 Mixture IDLE CUT-OFF forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 6 forced-landing-7 action yes yes 0 Ignition OFF at short final, prior to flare forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 7 forced-landing-8 action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF at short final, prior to flare forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 8 forced-landing-9 action yes yes 0 Seat belts and shoulder harnesses CONFIRM TIGHT ON ALL OCCUPANTS forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 9 forced-landing-10 action yes yes 0 Doors — unlatch before touchdown to prevent jamming in impact; hold door slightly ajar UNLATCHED BEFORE TOUCHDOWN forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 10 forced-landing-11 action yes no 0 Flaps — extend on final as needed to control descent angle and landing speed per POH AS REQUIRED FOR FIELD AND CONDITIONS forced-landing forced_landing emergency Forced Landing (Power-Off) 11 forced-landing-12 action yes no 0 After landing — evacuate aircraft promptly and move upwind to prevent injury from possible fire EVACUATE AND MOVE CLEAR