Piper PA-44-180 Seminole — Emergency Procedures

Engine Failure on Takeoff — Before or at Rotation engine_failure_before_rotation

Engine failure during the takeoff roll or at the moment of rotation

WARNINGAn engine failure before reaching Vmc or Vyse with gear in transit is almost certainly not survivable as a continued takeoff. Abort unless airborne with positive control and altitude.
Throttles — both engines, close immediatelyMEMORYCLOSED
Brakes — apply firmly and progressively to stop on remaining runwayMEMORYMAXIMUM BRAKING AS REQUIRED
Mixture controls — both engines, idle cutoffMEMORYIDLE CUTOFF
Fuel selectors — both engines, offMEMORYOFF
Ignition switches — both engines, offMEMORYOFF
Master switchMEMORYOFF
Evacuate aircraft if fire or other hazard presentAS REQUIRED

Engine Failure — After Liftoff (Airborne) engine_failure_after_takeoff

Engine failure after becoming airborne; aircraft below safe single-engine maneuvering altitude

WARNINGBelow Vyse and below a safe altitude, attempting to maintain flight on one engine may be impossible. A straight-ahead landing on available terrain may be the only survivable option. Do not attempt to turn back to the field below a safe altitude.
Airspeed — establish and maintain Vyse (blue line) or best availableMEMORYVYSE PER POH
Operating engine — advance throttle to full powerMEMORYFULL POWER ON OPERATING ENGINE
Dead engine — identify by direction of yaw and failed gauges (dead foot — dead engine)MEMORYIDENTIFIED
Dead engine propeller — feather by advancing prop control to full forward then pulling to featherMEMORYFEATHERED
Landing gear — retract to reduce dragMEMORYGEAR UP
Flaps — retract if extendedMEMORYRETRACTED PER POH
Bank — 5 degrees toward the operating engine; maintain with rudder5 DEGREES INTO GOOD ENGINE
Continue with Engine Failure in Flight checklist to secure failed enginePROCEED TO ENGINE FAILURE IN FLIGHT

Engine Failure in Flight — Identify / Verify / Feather / Secure engine_failure_in_flight

One engine loses power or stops during cruise or other in-flight phases

NOTEThe four-step memory sequence is: IDENTIFY — VERIFY — FEATHER — SECURE. Complete all four steps before consulting the written checklist.
IDENTIFY — dead foot, dead engine: the foot with less or no rudder pressure is on the same side as the failed engineMEMORYFAILED ENGINE IDENTIFIED
VERIFY — advance throttle on the identified dead engine; confirm no power response and gauges confirm failureMEMORYNO POWER; FAILURE CONFIRMED
FEATHER — move propeller control of the failed engine to featherMEMORYFEATHERED; PROP STOPPED OR SLOWING
Airspeed — establish and maintain Vyse (blue line) or best climb/glide speed per POHMEMORYVYSE MAINTAINED PER POH
Bank — 5 degrees toward the operating engine to minimize rudder workload5 DEGREES INTO GOOD ENGINE
Operating engine — confirm full power setFULL POWER
SECURE the failed engine:
SECURE — throttle on failed engineMEMORYCLOSED
SECURE — mixture on failed engineMEMORYIDLE CUTOFF
SECURE — fuel selector on failed engineMEMORYOFF
SECURE — magnetos on failed engineMEMORYOFF
Alternator on failed engineOFF
Cowl flap on failed engine — as required per POHAS REQUIRED
Declare emergency if appropriate — advise ATC of single-engine conditionSQUAWK 7700; DECLARE EMERGENCY AS APPROPRIATE
Divert — plan landing at nearest suitable airport; do not delayNEAREST AIRPORT SELECTED; DIVERTING

Engine Fire in Flight engine_fire_in_flight

Fire warning light, flames, smoke, or unusual odor indicating an engine fire while airborne

Throttle — affected engine, close immediatelyMEMORYCLOSED
Fuel selector — affected engine, OFFMEMORYOFF
Mixture — affected engine, IDLE CUTOFFMEMORYIDLE CUTOFF
Propeller — affected engine, FEATHERMEMORYFEATHERED
Magnetos — affected engine, OFFOFF
Alternator — affected engine, OFFOFF
Airspeed — increase if possible to help extinguish fire by airflow; do not exceed VneINCREASED; WITHIN LIMITS
Fire extinguisher — use if fire enters cabinAS REQUIRED
If fire extinguished — execute single-engine approach; do not restart the engineLAND AT NEAREST AIRPORT
If fire not extinguished — execute emergency descent; prepare for forced landingEMERGENCY DESCENT; LAND IMMEDIATELY
Declare emergency — ATC notifiedMAYDAY DECLARED; ATC NOTIFIED

Engine Fire on Ground engine_fire_ground

Fire in engine compartment during start or while taxiing

Throttle — affected engine, open briefly to draw fire back into intake, then closeMEMORYOPENED BRIEFLY THEN CLOSED
Mixture — affected engine, IDLE CUTOFFMEMORYIDLE CUTOFF
Fuel selector — affected engine, OFFMEMORYOFF
Ignition — affected engine, OFFMEMORYOFF
Master switchMEMORYOFF
Evacuate aircraft immediately; move upwindEVACUATED
Fire extinguisher — use if trained; do not approach a fully involved engine fireAS ABLE AND SAFE
Emergency services — notify airport fire departmentNOTIFIED

Electrical Fire / Smoke in Cockpit electrical_fire

Burning smell, smoke, or visible arcing from electrical equipment

Master switchMEMORYOFF
Avionics masterMEMORYOFF
All electrical switches and circuit breakersMEMORYOFF
Vents — open to clear smoke from cockpit; consider passenger oxygen if smoke is heavyOPEN AS APPROPRIATE
Fire extinguisher — discharge if fire is visibleAS REQUIRED
If smoke clears — systematically restore essential electrical items one at a time to isolate the faulty circuitRESTORE SELECTIVELY
Land at nearest suitable airportDIVERTING
Declare emergency and notify ATCMAYDAY DECLARED; ATC NOTIFIED

Loss of Oil Pressure — One Engine oil_system_malfunction

Oil pressure gauge on one engine reads in the yellow or red arc, or oil pressure warning light illuminates

CAUTIONLow oil pressure may precede engine failure by a short time. Begin planning for single-engine operations immediately. Do not wait for the engine to fail.
Identify affected engine — note which oil pressure gauge is reading lowMEMORYIDENTIFIED
Oil temperature — check; rising temperature confirms oil loss or internal failureMONITORED
Power on affected engine — reduce to minimum required to maintain flight; do not shut down prematurely unless failure is imminentREDUCED PER POH
Airspeed — prepare to establish Vyse if engine failsREADY TO ESTABLISH VYSE
Nearest suitable airport — identify and divert; do not continue to planned destinationDIVERTING IMMEDIATELY
If engine seizes or fails — execute engine failure in flight proceduresEXECUTE ENGINE FAILURE CHECKLIST
Declare emergency and notify ATCMAYDAY OR PAN-PAN DECLARED; ATC NOTIFIED

Carburetor Ice — One or Both Engines carburetor_icing

Unexplained loss of RPM or rough running, especially in humid conditions or when reducing power

NOTEThe O-360 is a carbureted engine. Carburetor ice can form at temperatures well above freezing in humid conditions. Partial ice may cause rough running before total power loss.
Affected engine — apply full carburetor heat immediately; do not cycle on and offFULL HEAT APPLIED
Carburetor heat — expect a momentary further RPM drop as ice melts, followed by smooth power restorationRPM DROP THEN RECOVERY EXPECTED
If power does not restore — maintain carb heat and prepare for engine failure proceduresENGINE FAILURE CHECKLIST AS REQUIRED
Altitude and terrain — assess options for forced landing if both engines affectedTERRAIN ASSESSED; OPTIONS IDENTIFIED
After power restored — maintain carburetor heat until clear of icing conditions per POHHEAT MAINTAINED PER POH
Monitor both engines for recurrence of roughnessBOTH ENGINES MONITORED

Forced Landing — Power-Off forced_landing

Both engines have failed or remaining power is insufficient to reach an airport

WARNINGA dual-engine failure is extremely rare. Confirm both engines are truly failed before accepting a forced landing. Check fuel selectors, mixture, and magnetos.
Best glide speed — establish immediately per POHMEMORYBEST GLIDE ESTABLISHED
Landing area — select best available field or road; favor into-wind and uphill if possibleMEMORYFIELD SELECTED
Fuel selectors — confirm both on correct tanks; attempt restart if cause is fuel starvationCONFIRMED; RESTART ATTEMPTED IF APPROPRIATE
Mixture — RICH for restart attemptRICH
Ignition — BOTH; attempt restart if time and altitude permitRESTART ATTEMPTED AS APPROPRIATE
Mayday — declare on 121.5 MHz; advise position, altitude, intentionsMAYDAY DECLARED; ATC NOTIFIED
Transponder — 7700SET 7700
Fuel selectors — OFF before landing to reduce fire riskOFF
Mixture — IDLE CUTOFFIDLE CUTOFF
Ignition switches — OFF just before touchdownOFF
Master switch — OFF just before touchdownOFF
Doors — unlatch before touchdown to prevent jammingUNLATCHED
Seat belts and shoulder harnesses — confirm tightCONFIRMED TIGHT

Gear Unsafe / Abnormal Gear Indication landing_gear_malfunction

One or more gear position lights fail to show green after gear extension, or red unsafe light illuminates

Airspeed — reduce to below gear operating speed per POHBELOW VLO PER POH
Gear handle — cycle UP then DOWN; allow adequate time for system to respondCYCLED; WAITING FOR INDICATION
Circuit breakers — check gear-related breakers; reset if poppedCHECKED; RESET IF TRIPPED
Gear position lights — check bulbs by pressing the test button if equippedTESTED
If no green after normal extension — refer to emergency gear extension procedurePROCEED TO EMERGENCY GEAR EXTENSION
Declare emergency and notify ATC; request emergency equipment standbyEMERGENCY DECLARED; EQUIPMENT REQUESTED

Emergency Gear Extension landing_gear_malfunction

Normal gear extension fails; gear not locked down; use manual/emergency extension system

Airspeed — reduce to minimum safe airspeed per POH; below emergency extension speedREDUCED PER POH
Gear handle — ensure in DOWN positionDOWN
Emergency gear extension — locate and activate the manual extension pump or override per POH specific to this aircraftACTIVATED PER POH
Pump or pull override — operate per POH until three green lights illuminateTHREE GREEN CONFIRMED OR BEST INDICATION OBTAINED
If gear still not confirmed down and locked — prepare for gear-up landing; follow forced-landing precautionsGEAR-UP LANDING PREPARED IF REQUIRED
Notify ATC of gear status; request foam or emergency equipment as applicableATC NOTIFIED; EQUIPMENT REQUESTED

Single-Engine Approach and Landing engine_out_landing

One engine inoperative; planning and executing approach and landing

WARNINGA go-around on one engine at low altitude and slow airspeed is extremely hazardous. Commit to landing once established on final. Plan ahead so go-around is not required.
Operating engine — confirm full power available; do not reduce power on approach prematurelyFULL POWER AVAILABLE; CONFIRMED
Airspeed — maintain at or above Vyse until landing assured; use POH single-engine approach speed on finalAT OR ABOVE POH APPROACH SPEED
Flaps — extend incrementally; be cautious with full flaps due to increased drag on one engineEXTENDED INCREMENTALLY PER POH
Gear — extend with adequate altitude and airspeed to assure landing; expect higher dragGEAR DOWN; THREE GREEN
Runway — aim for a long runway if available; do not aim for the threshold; aim slightly beyondLONG RUNWAY SELECTED; ADJUSTED AIM POINT
Final approach — keep it flat and stable; avoid a steep descent that requires large power changesFLAT STABLE APPROACH
GUMPS check — Gas, Undercarriage, Mixture, Props, Seat belts/SwitchesALL CONFIRMED
Operating engine throttle — reduce to idle only over the runway threshold when landing is assuredIDLE OVER THRESHOLD
Touchdown — land positively; do not float; use available brakingFIRM TOUCHDOWN; BRAKES AS REQUIRED

Engine-Out Go-Around go_around

Go-around required with one engine inoperative — extremely hazardous; avoid if possible

WARNINGA single-engine go-around from a low, slow final is one of the most demanding maneuvers in multi-engine flying. Do not initiate unless a safe landing is truly impossible and altitude permits. The risk of losing control is very high near the ground at low speed.
Operating engine — full power immediately and smoothlyMEMORYFULL POWER ON OPERATING ENGINE
Pitch attitude — establish climb attitude per POH; avoid extreme pitchMEMORYCLIMB ATTITUDE
Airspeed — accelerate to Vyse immediately; never allow speed to fall below VmcMEMORYACCELERATING TO VYSE; ABOVE VMC
Flaps — retract incrementally per POH as airspeed buildsINCREMENTAL RETRACTION PER POH
Gear — retract after positive rate of climb is confirmedGEAR UP; POSITIVE RATE CONFIRMED
Directional control — maintain bank 5 degrees into operating engine; use rudder trim if availableCONTROLLED; BANK INTO GOOD ENGINE
ATC — notify of go-around and single-engine statusATC NOTIFIED
Plan next approach — configure for a wider, higher pattern to allow time and altitudeLONGER APPROACH PLANNED

Source: authored — no source document

Rights: original_expression CC-BY-4.0

Checklist hash: f7ea1f6a696ccc92d19f6f140e996e2e…

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