Cessna 210 N Centurion — Normal Operating Procedures

Preflight Walk-Around preflight_inspection

• Aircraft documents (ARROW)ON BOARD AND CURRENT
• Weight and balanceCOMPUTED AND WITHIN LIMITS
• Fuel quantity — visually confirm both tanks; compare with gaugesVERIFIED, ADEQUATE FOR FLIGHT WITH REQUIRED RESERVES
• Fuel grade and appearanceCORRECT GRADE PER POH; COLOR CONSISTENT, NO CONTAMINATION OR WATER
• Fuel caps — both tanksSECURELY SEATED AND LOCKED
• Fuel sump drains — both wing tanks and gascolatorSAMPLED; CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO WATER OR SEDIMENT
• Fuel vent outletsCLEAR AND UNOBSTRUCTED
• Engine oil levelWITHIN OPERATING RANGE PER POH; FILLER CAP SECURE
• Engine compartment — fuel lines, oil lines, turbocharger, intercooler hoses, and wiringNO LEAKS, CHAFING, OR LOOSE CONNECTIONS
• Induction air inlet and alternate induction doorCLEAR; DOOR CLOSES AND SEALS PROPERLY
• Turbocharger — oil lines, clamps, and turbine housingSECURE; NO OIL STAINING OR CRACKS
• Exhaust system — stacks, risers, and turbocharger outlet; check for cracksNO CRACKS, LOOSE HARDWARE, OR SOOTING
• Cowling fastenersCLOSED AND LATCHED
• Propeller blades — nicks, cracks, erosion, and leading edgesSERVICEABLE
• Propeller spinner and hubSECURE, NO CRACKS OR LOOSE SCREWS
• Nose gear strut, torque links, and nose tireSTRUT EXTENDED NORMALLY; TIRE INFLATED AND SERVICEABLE
• Pitot tube — cover removed, inlet clearCOVER OFF, UNOBSTRUCTED
• Static ports — both sidesCLEAR
• Left wing leading edge and upper/lower skinNO DEFORMATION, FUEL STAINING, OR IMPACT DAMAGE
• Left wing fuel cap and ventCAP LOCKED; VENT CLEAR
• Left aileron — hinge pins, balance weight, and full travelSECURE; FULL FREE MOVEMENT
• Left flap — hinge attachment, actuator, and conditionSECURE; NO DAMAGE
• Left wingtip and navigation/strobe lightUNDAMAGED; LENS INTACT
• Left main gear — strut extension, tire, brake assembly, and gear doorSTRUT NORMAL; TIRE SERVICEABLE; BRAKES ADEQUATE; DOOR UNDAMAGED
• Left gear retraction linkage and up-lock — visible checkNO OBVIOUS DAMAGE OR LOOSE HARDWARE
• Fuselage — antennas, skin condition, and cabin door sealsSECURE; NO DAMAGE
• Horizontal stabilizer, elevator, and trim tab — both sidesUNDAMAGED; HINGES SECURE; NO EXCESSIVE PLAY
• Vertical stabilizer and rudderUNDAMAGED; FREE MOVEMENT; NO BINDING
• ELT — armed switch and antennaARMED; ANTENNA CONNECTED AND SECURE
• Right main gear — strut, tire, brake, and gear doorSTRUT NORMAL; TIRE SERVICEABLE; BRAKES ADEQUATE; DOOR UNDAMAGED
• Right flap and aileron — condition and full travelSECURE; FULL FREE MOVEMENT; NO DAMAGE
• Right wing leading edge, fuel cap, and ventNO DAMAGE; CAP LOCKED; VENT CLEAR
• Right wingtip and navigation/strobe lightUNDAMAGED; LENS INTACT
• All tiedowns, chocks, and gust locksREMOVED

Cockpit Preparation / Before Start before_start

• POH and weight-and-balance documentsON BOARD
• Seats — adjusted fore/aft and locked; occupant seat belts and shoulder harnessesADJUSTED AND FASTENED
• Control lockREMOVED; CONTROLS CHECKED FOR FULL FREE MOVEMENT
• Avionics masterOFF (before applying battery power)
• Master switch (battery)ON
• Fuel quantity gaugesCHECK — agree with visual inspection
• Annunciator / warning lights — press-to-testALL ILLUMINATE ON TEST; NONE REMAIN ON AFTER TEST
• Landing gear position lightsTHREE GREEN; GEAR-DOWN INDICATION
• Gear warning horn — verify audible with throttle at idleHORN SOUNDS WITH GEAR HANDLE DOWN AND THROTTLE REDUCED
• Fuel selectorFULLEST TANK (or per POH fuel management)
• Elevator trimSET TO TAKEOFF POSITION
• Flap position indicatorINDICATES UP
• Propeller controlFULL FORWARD (HIGH RPM)
• Mixture controlRICH (or adjusted per POH for field elevation)
• ThrottleCLOSED THEN CRACKED SLIGHTLY OPEN
• Alternate air controlCLOSED (NORMAL)
• Cowl flapsOPEN
• Parking brakeSET

Engine Start engine_start

• Propeller arc and surrounding areaCLEAR — ANNOUNCE 'CLEAR PROP'
• Beacon / anti-collision lightON
• ThrottleCRACKED OPEN PER POH
• MixtureRICH (or per POH for hot/cold start)
• NOTECold start: prime per POH. Hot start: follow manufacturer hot-start procedure — flooding a TSIO-520 is common.
• Ignition switchSTART — RELEASE WHEN ENGINE FIRES
• Oil pressureRISES WITHIN 30 SECONDS; INDICATION IN GREEN ARC
• Throttle — adjustSET TO IDLE OR LOW WARM-UP POWER PER POH
• Avionics masterON
• Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, CHT, EGTMONITOR; WARM UP BEFORE INCREASING POWER
• Alternator output and ammeterCHARGING; AMMETER IN NORMAL RANGE

After Start / Before Taxi after_start

• Radios and avionics — ATIS, clearance, and COM frequenciesSET
• TransponderSET CODE; ALTITUDE MODE VERIFIED
• Heading indicatorALIGNED WITH MAGNETIC COMPASS
• AltimeterSET TO LOCAL ALTIMETER SETTING; CHECK FIELD ELEVATION
• Electrical load — lights, pitot heat, and other equipmentCHECKED ON AND OFF; AMMETER RESPONDS NORMALLY
• Brakes — parking brake release; confirm brake effectivenessBRAKES EFFECTIVE
• Taxi clearanceOBTAINED IF AT TOWERED FIELD

Run-Up / Before Takeoff before_takeoff

• Parking brakeSET
• Flight controls — full travel checkFREE AND CORRECT
• Instruments — airspeed, altimeter, VSI, turn coordinator, attitude indicator, heading indicatorCHECKED AND SET
• Fuel selectorFULLEST TANK (per POH)
• MixtureRICH (or per POH for field elevation)
• Cowl flapsOPEN
• Engine run-up — advance throttle to run-up power per POHPOWER SET; ENGINE SMOOTH
• Magneto check — left, right, bothDROP WITHIN LIMITS PER POH; BOTH EQUAL OR NEAR EQUAL; NO ROUGHNESS
• Propeller cycle — advance to full forward, then reduce RPM; note drop; advance backRPM DROP NOTED; PROP RETURNS TO GOVERNED RPM; OIL CIRCULATED

  Cycle prop at least once; some operators cycle 2–3 times to ensure warm oil reaches the governor and dome. Verify prop responds immediately to movement of the prop control.

• Manifold pressure — check turbocharger controls at run-up powerMP STABLE; NO OVERBOOST; WASTEGATE OPERATING NORMALLY PER POH
• Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, CHT, EGTALL IN GREEN; TEMPERATURES ADEQUATE FOR TAKEOFF
• Alternate air controlCLOSED; CHECK POWER LOSS WHEN OPENED (PER POH)
• Throttle — reduce to idle; confirm smooth idleSMOOTH IDLE; NO ROUGHNESS
• Landing gear handle and indicator lightsDOWN; THREE GREEN
• FlapsSET PER POH FOR TAKEOFF CONFIGURATION
• Elevator trimSET TO TAKEOFF POSITION
• Doors and windows — latchedSECURED
• Seats and belts — all occupantsSECURED AND UPRIGHT
• Departure briefing — runway, obstacles, emergency landing area if engine failsCOMPLETE

Takeoff takeoff

• TransponderALTITUDE MODE (ALT)
• Landing lightsON
• Throttle — advance smoothly to takeoff powerFULL THROTTLE; MANIFOLD PRESSURE WITHIN LIMITS PER POH
• Engine instruments at full powerRPM AND MP WITHIN LIMITS; ALL INSTRUMENTS IN GREEN
• Rotate at VrROTATE PER POH
• Landing gear — retract after positive rate of climbGEAR UP; THREE GREEN EXTINGUISHES; GEAR DOORS CLOSE
• Airspeed — establish Vx or VyPER POH
• Flaps — retract when obstacle clearance assured and airspeed within flap retraction rangeRETRACTED

Climb climb

• Airspeed — set best rate of climb or cruise climbPER POH
• Power — reduce to climb power after obstacle clearanceMP AND RPM SET PER POH CLIMB TABLE
• Cowl flapsOPEN; ADJUST AS NEEDED TO KEEP CHT IN NORMAL RANGE
• Engine instruments — oil temp, oil pressure, CHT, EGT, MPMONITOR; ALL IN GREEN
• Landing gear indicatorCONFIRM UP AND LOCKED; NO WARNING LIGHTS
• Fuel selector — switch tanks per POH fuel management schedulePER POH
• Mixture — lean as altitude increases per POHADJUSTED PER POH FOR ALTITUDE AND POWER SETTING
• Altimeter and heading indicatorRECHECK AND RESET AS NEEDED

Cruise cruise

• Power — set cruise powerMP AND RPM PER POH CRUISE TABLE FOR ALTITUDE AND TEMPERATURE
• Cowl flapsADJUST TO MAINTAIN CHT IN NORMAL OPERATING RANGE
• MixtureLEANED PER POH — EGT PEAK METHOD OR SPECIFIC PROCEDURE
• Engine instruments — oil temp, oil pressure, CHT, EGT, fuel flow, MPALL IN GREEN; MONITOR PERIODICALLY
• Fuel quantity — check gauges periodically; compare with planned fuel burnCONSISTENT WITH PLANNED CONSUMPTION; ADEQUATE RESERVES
• Fuel selector — switch tanks on schedule per POHSWITCHED PER POH TO BALANCE FUEL LOAD
• Gear position — confirm UPUP; NO WARNING LIGHTS
• Altimeter and altimeter setting — update with current ATIS or ATCCURRENT SETTING; ALTITUDE CONFIRMED

Descent descent

• Power — reduce gradually; avoid rapid throttle reductions on turbocharged enginePOWER REDUCED SMOOTHLY PER POH
• Mixture — enrichen progressively as altitude decreasesENRICHENED PER POH
• Cowl flapsADJUST TO MANAGE CHT DURING POWER REDUCTION
• Engine instruments — CHT and oil temperatureMONITOR; AVOID SHOCK COOLING FROM RAPID POWER REDUCTION
• Fuel selectorFULLEST TANK OR PER POH FOR APPROACH
• Altimeter settingUPDATED WITH CURRENT LOCAL SETTING FROM ATIS OR ATC
• Destination weather and runway informationOBTAINED; APPROACH BRIEFED

Before Landing before_landing

• Fuel selectorFULLEST TANK
• MixtureRICH (or per POH for field elevation)
• PropellerFULL FORWARD (HIGH RPM) — ready for go-around
• Cowl flapsOPEN
• Landing gear — extend; check handle DOWNGEAR DOWN
• Gear position indicator lightsTHREE GREEN — GEAR DOWN AND LOCKED
• Gear warning horn — confirm operative if throttle reducedHORN SOUNDS AT LOW POWER WITH GEAR HANDLE DOWN AND GEAR NOT LOCKED (normal test)
• FlapsSET TO APPROACH POSITION PER POH
• Airspeed — stabilize at approach speedPER POH
• Landing lightON
• Seats and belts — all occupantsSECURED AND UPRIGHT

Gear Check (Final) gear_check

On final approach, at or before FAF/500 ft AGL

• Landing gear handleDOWN
• Gear position indicator lightsTHREE GREEN — CONFIRMED DOWN AND LOCKED
• Gear warning horn — active if throttle below thresholdHORN AUDIBLE OR SYSTEM VERIFIED
• NOTEDo not land without confirming THREE GREEN. If any light is absent or red, execute go-around and follow the Gear Unsafe procedure.

Landing landing

• Final approach airspeedPER POH
• Gear — three green confirmedDOWN AND LOCKED
• Flaps — full or as required for landing typePER POH
• Touchdown — firm but smooth; no ballooningMAINS FIRST OR FULL-STALL PER TECHNIQUE AND CONDITIONS
• Brakes — apply smoothly after touchdown; avoid nose-wheel first landingSMOOTH AND PROGRESSIVE
• Rudder steering — maintain directional control during rolloutPOSITIVE CONTROL MAINTAINED

Go-Around go_around

• Throttle — advance smoothly to go-around powerFULL THROTTLE; MP WITHIN LIMITS PER POH
• PropellerFULL FORWARD
• MixtureRICH
• Pitch attitude — establish climb attitude; arrest sinkPOSITIVE CLIMB ESTABLISHED
• Flaps — retract incrementally; do not retract all at once from full flapsREDUCE TO APPROACH SETTING THEN RETRACT WHEN POSITIVE CLIMB CONFIRMED
• Landing gear — retract after positive rate confirmed and landing assured to be impossibleGEAR UP
• Airspeed — accelerate to Vy or climb airspeedPER POH
• Cowl flapsOPEN
• ATC — advise of go-aroundNOTIFIED

After Landing after_landing

• FlapsRETRACT — VERIFY UP
• Landing gear — confirm DOWN; three greenTHREE GREEN
• Cowl flapsOPEN — allow engine to cool before shutdown
• TransponderSTANDBY OR AS DIRECTED BY ATC
• Landing lightOFF
• Trim — reset to takeoff positionSET

Shutdown and Securing shutdown

• Parking brakeSET
• Avionics and radiosOFF
• Engine — allow to cool at idle; turbocharger cool-down per POH before shutdownIDLED FOR COOL-DOWN PERIOD; TURBO COOLANT FLOW ADEQUATE
• MixtureIDLE CUTOFF — pull to stop engine
• Ignition switchOFF (after prop stops)
• Master switchOFF
• Fuel selectorOFF (if equipped) or LEFT/RIGHT per owner preference
• Control lockINSTALLED
• Pitot coverINSTALLED IF APPLICABLE
• Gear position — confirm DOWN; chocks placedTHREE GREEN; CHOCKED
• Tiedowns — wings and tailSECURED
• Oil level and visible leaks — post-flight checkOIL LEVEL NOTED; NO NEW LEAKS
• Hobbs and tach — log flight timeRECORDED