<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<openChecklist version="1.0">
  <title>Piper PA-44-180 Seminole — Normal Operating Procedures</title>
  <contentHash>c281bbeda9c881131907684e809227893cb3616123f6feb8604e0a5dec2d5492</contentHash>
  <aircraft make="Piper" model="PA-44-180" variant="Seminole" category="standard_normal"/>
  <verification sourceFidelity="not_applicable" operationalReview="none" completeness="normal_only"/>
  <rights status="original_expression" license="CC-BY-4.0"/>
  <knownIssue severity="safety_defect">Contains no airspeeds, power settings, fuel quantities, or other numerical limitations — all must come from the specific aircraft POH.</knownIssue>
  <knownIssue severity="content_gap">Equipment and avionics vary across PA-44-180 airframes. Verify every item against the specific aircraft and its POH before use.</knownIssue>
  <sections>
    <section id="preflight-inspection" phase="preflight_inspection" criticality="normal">
      <title>Preflight Walk-Around</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Aircraft documents (ARROW)</text>
        <response>ON BOARD AND CURRENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Weight and balance — computed for actual payload and fuel load</text>
        <response>WITHIN LIMITS PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Weather briefing and NOTAMs</text>
        <response>OBTAINED; FLIGHT PLANNING COMPLETE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left fuel quantity — visually confirm tank level through filler port; compare with gauge</text>
        <response>QUANTITY CONFIRMED; ADEQUATE WITH RESERVES PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left fuel filler cap</text>
        <response>SECURED AND LOCKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left fuel sump drains — sample fuel at sump and wing root</text>
        <response>CLEAR, CORRECT GRADE, NO WATER OR SEDIMENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine oil level — check dipstick and secure cap</text>
        <response>WITHIN OPERATING RANGE PER POH; CAP SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine compartment — oil lines, fuel lines, hoses, wiring, and induction system</text>
        <response>NO LEAKS, CHAFING, OR LOOSE CONNECTIONS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine exhaust stacks and heat shroud</text>
        <response>NO CRACKS, CARBON DEPOSITS, OR LOOSE HARDWARE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left cowling and access panels</text>
        <response>CLOSED AND ALL FASTENERS SECURED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left propeller — blades for nicks, cracks, erosion, and oil on leading face</text>
        <response>SERVICEABLE; NO DAMAGE OR OIL LEAKAGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left propeller spinner and back plate</text>
        <response>SECURE; NO CRACKS OR LOOSE FASTENERS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left main gear — strut inflation, tire condition and inflation, brake assembly, and gear door</text>
        <response>STRUT NORMAL; TIRE SERVICEABLE; BRAKES ADEQUATE; DOOR UNDAMAGED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left main gear torque links, oleo, and down-lock</text>
        <response>SECURE; NO DAMAGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="14" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left wing leading edge and skin — dings, deformation, fuel staining</text>
        <response>NO DAMAGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="15" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left aileron — hinges, control rod end, balance weight, and travel</text>
        <response>SECURE; FULL AND FREE MOVEMENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="16" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left flap — hinge pins, actuator arm, and condition</text>
        <response>SECURE; NO DAMAGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="17" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left wingtip — navigation light and strobe lens</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED; LENS INTACT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="18" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Nose area — nose gear strut, tire, torque links, shimmy damper, and gear door</text>
        <response>STRUT NORMAL; TIRE SERVICEABLE; HARDWARE SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="19" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Pitot tube — cover removed and inlet clear</text>
        <response>COVER REMOVED; UNOBSTRUCTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="20" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Static ports — both sides of fuselage clear</text>
        <response>UNOBSTRUCTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="21" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuselage skin, antennas, and cabin door seals</text>
        <response>NO DAMAGE; ANTENNAS SECURE; SEALS INTACT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="22" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Horizontal stabilizer, elevator, and trim tab — both sides</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED; HINGES SECURE; NO EXCESSIVE PLAY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="23" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Vertical stabilizer and rudder — hinges and travel</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED; FREE AND FULL MOVEMENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="24" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Tail beacon and position light</text>
        <response>LENS INTACT; SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="25" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ELT — armed switch and antenna connection</text>
        <response>ARMED; ANTENNA CONNECTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="26" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right wing — leading edge, skin, aileron, flap, tip light, and fuel cap</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED; CONTROLS FREE; CAP LOCKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="27" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right fuel sump — sample at wing root and sump</text>
        <response>CLEAR, CORRECT GRADE, NO CONTAMINATION</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="28" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right fuel quantity — visual check at filler port</text>
        <response>QUANTITY CONFIRMED; ADEQUATE WITH RESERVES PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="29" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right main gear — strut, tire, brakes, and gear door</text>
        <response>STRUT NORMAL; TIRE SERVICEABLE; BRAKES ADEQUATE; DOOR UNDAMAGED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="30" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right engine oil, cowling, propeller, exhaust, and engine compartment</text>
        <response>OIL IN RANGE; ALL SECURE; PROPELLER SERVICEABLE; NO LEAKS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="31" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Chocks, tiedowns, and external control locks</text>
        <response>ALL REMOVED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="cockpit-preparation" phase="before_start" criticality="normal">
      <title>Cockpit Preparation / Before Start</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Seats and rudder pedals — adjusted for both occupants</text>
        <response>ADJUSTED AND LOCKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Seat belts and shoulder harnesses</text>
        <response>FASTENED AND ADJUSTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Baggage door and cabin doors</text>
        <response>CLOSED AND LATCHED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flight controls — aileron, elevator, and rudder for full and free movement</text>
        <response>CORRECT AND FREE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selectors — left engine to left tank, right engine to right tank</text>
        <response>LEFT ON LEFT; RIGHT ON RIGHT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel shutoff valves — both engines</text>
        <response>OPEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture controls — both engines</text>
        <response>RICH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Propeller controls — both engines</text>
        <response>FULL FORWARD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttles — both engines</text>
        <response>CLOSED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Master switch (battery)</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel quantity gauges — both sides</text>
        <response>CHECKED; CONSISTENT WITH VISUAL INSPECTION</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics master</text>
        <response>OFF (before engine start)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Circuit breakers — all positions</text>
        <response>IN AND SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="14" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Exterior lights — as needed</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="15" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Primer — left and right engines</text>
        <response>PRIMED AS REQUIRED PER POH; LOCKED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="engine-start" phase="engine_start" criticality="normal">
      <title>Engine Start</title>
      <item type="warning" index="0" tickable="false" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Confirm area is clear of personnel and obstacles before energizing the starter. Shout 'CLEAR PROP' on both sides before starting each engine.</text>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Brakes</text>
        <response>HELD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Area — visually clear before each engine start</text>
        <response>CLEAR</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left throttle — cracked open per POH</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left ignition switch</text>
        <response>START; RELEASE WHEN ENGINE FIRES</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine — oil pressure rise within time limit per POH</text>
        <response>PRESSURE RISING</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine — idle stabilized; check for unusual noise or vibration</text>
        <response>RUNNING SMOOTHLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right throttle — cracked open per POH</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right ignition switch</text>
        <response>START; RELEASE WHEN ENGINE FIRES</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right engine — oil pressure rise within time limit per POH</text>
        <response>PRESSURE RISING</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right engine — idle stabilized; check for unusual noise or vibration</text>
        <response>RUNNING SMOOTHLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics master</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Radios and navigation equipment</text>
        <response>ON; FREQUENCIES SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Alternators — both engines, charge indicators</text>
        <response>CHARGING</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="after-start" phase="after_start" criticality="normal">
      <title>After Start / Before Taxi</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Oil pressure — both engines</text>
        <response>IN GREEN ARC</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Oil temperature — both engines</text>
        <response>MONITORING; APPROACHING OPERATING RANGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Alternator output — both engines</text>
        <response>CHECKED; CHARGING NORMALLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Suction gauge (vacuum)</text>
        <response>IN GREEN ARC PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel quantity — both engines confirmed</text>
        <response>CHECKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Transponder</text>
        <response>SET; ALT MODE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ATIS/weather — obtained for departure airport</text>
        <response>OBTAINED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Taxi clearance</text>
        <response>RECEIVED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>RELEASED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="before-takeoff" phase="before_takeoff" criticality="normal">
      <title>Run-Up / Before Takeoff</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Brakes</text>
        <response>SET AND HOLDING</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flight controls — final check for correct and free movement</text>
        <response>CORRECT AND FREE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Trim — elevator set for takeoff</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — takeoff position</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selectors — both engines on respective tanks</text>
        <response>LEFT ON LEFT; RIGHT ON RIGHT; CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel shutoff valves — both engines</text>
        <response>OPEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture controls — both engines</text>
        <response>RICH (or adjusted for density altitude per POH)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Propeller controls — both engines, full forward</text>
        <response>FULL FORWARD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine run-up — advance throttle to run-up RPM per POH</text>
        <response>RPM STABLE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left magneto check — select LEFT, note RPM drop; select RIGHT, note drop; return to BOTH</text>
        <response>DROPS WITHIN LIMITS PER POH; NO ROUGHNESS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left propeller cycle — advance to full forward, reduce RPM per POH, observe RPM drop, advance back to full forward</text>
        <response>RPM DROP NOTED; RETURNED TO FULL FORWARD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left carburetor heat — apply heat, observe slight RPM drop and possible smoothing; return to COLD</text>
        <response>DROP NOTED; RETURNED TO COLD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left engine gauges — oil pressure, oil temperature, fuel pressure, manifold pressure</text>
        <response>ALL IN GREEN ARCS PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left throttle — return to idle</text>
        <response>IDLE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="14" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right engine run-up — advance throttle to run-up RPM per POH</text>
        <response>RPM STABLE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="15" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right magneto check — LEFT, RIGHT, BOTH</text>
        <response>DROPS WITHIN LIMITS PER POH; NO ROUGHNESS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="16" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right propeller cycle — full forward, reduce RPM, observe drop, advance back to full forward</text>
        <response>RPM DROP NOTED; RETURNED TO FULL FORWARD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="17" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right carburetor heat — apply and check, return to COLD</text>
        <response>DROP NOTED; RETURNED TO COLD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="18" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right engine gauges — oil pressure, oil temperature, fuel pressure, manifold pressure</text>
        <response>ALL IN GREEN ARCS PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="19" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right throttle — return to idle</text>
        <response>IDLE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="20" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Gear handle</text>
        <response>DOWN AND LOCKED; THREE GREEN LIGHTS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="21" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Doors and windows</text>
        <response>CLOSED AND LATCHED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="22" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Instruments — gyros erect, altimeter set, heading indicator aligned with compass</text>
        <response>SET AND CHECKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="23" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Lights — strobes and landing light as required</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="24" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine-out procedures and Vyse — briefed</text>
        <response>BRIEFED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="25" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Takeoff clearance</text>
        <response>RECEIVED OR AREA CLEAR</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="takeoff" phase="takeoff" criticality="normal">
      <title>Takeoff</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttles — advance together smoothly to full power</text>
        <response>FULL POWER; BOTH ENGINES CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine gauges — scan both engines during takeoff roll</text>
        <response>POWER EQUAL; ALL GAUGES GREEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Directional control — maintain runway centerline with rudder</text>
        <response>TRACKING CENTERLINE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Rotate — lift nosewheel at rotation speed per POH</text>
        <response>ROTATE PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Positive rate of climb — verify on VSI and altimeter</text>
        <response>POSITIVE RATE CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Landing gear — retract</text>
        <response>GEAR UP; NO RED LIGHTS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — accelerate to Vy or as directed by departure procedure</text>
        <response>ESTABLISHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract at safe altitude and speed per POH</text>
        <response>RETRACTED PER POH</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="climb" phase="climb" criticality="normal">
      <title>Climb</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — establish climb speed per POH</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Power — reduce from takeoff power to climb power per POH; both engines</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Propeller controls — reduce to climb RPM per POH</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — adjust for altitude per POH</text>
        <response>ADJUSTED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine gauges — oil pressure, oil temp, CHT, fuel pressure, both engines</text>
        <response>ALL IN GREEN ARCS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Alternator output — both engines</text>
        <response>CHARGING NORMALLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Gear — verify up and lights extinguished</text>
        <response>GEAR UP; NO RED LIGHTS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selectors — confirm both engines on correct tanks</text>
        <response>LEFT ON LEFT; RIGHT ON RIGHT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Carburetor heat — consider application in conditions conducive to icing per POH</text>
        <response>AS REQUIRED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="cruise" phase="cruise" criticality="normal">
      <title>Cruise</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Power — set cruise power for both engines per POH; match manifold pressure and RPM</text>
        <response>SET PER POH; ENGINES SYNCHRONIZED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — lean for cruise altitude per POH</text>
        <response>LEANED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine gauges — oil pressure, oil temperature, CHT, EGT, fuel pressure; both engines</text>
        <response>ALL IN GREEN ARCS PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel quantities — both tanks; monitor for crossfeed if applicable per POH</text>
        <response>MONITORED; BALANCED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Trim — aircraft trimmed for hands-off level flight</text>
        <response>TRIMMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Alternators — both engines producing; electrical loads balanced</text>
        <response>CHARGING; LOAD BALANCED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Vacuum — in operating range</text>
        <response>IN GREEN ARC</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Carburetor heat — apply as required for icing conditions per POH</text>
        <response>AS REQUIRED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel burn check — confirm consumption rate consistent with planning</text>
        <response>CHECKED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="descent" phase="descent" criticality="normal">
      <title>Descent</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ATIS/AWOS — obtain destination weather</text>
        <response>OBTAINED; ALTIMETER SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel quantities — both tanks sufficient for approach and alternate if required</text>
        <response>CHECKED; ADEQUATE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selectors — both engines on correct respective tanks</text>
        <response>CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — enrich as altitude decreases per POH</text>
        <response>ENRICHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Power — reduce gradually; avoid shock-cooling by monitoring CHT</text>
        <response>REDUCED PER POH; CHT MONITORED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Carburetor heat — apply when reducing power in descent; monitor for icing</text>
        <response>APPLIED AS REQUIRED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine gauges — both engines; confirm all parameters normal in reduced-power descent</text>
        <response>ALL IN NORMAL RANGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Approach briefing — runway, pattern altitude, landing configuration, abort point</text>
        <response>BRIEFED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="before-landing" phase="before_landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>Before Landing (GUMPS)</title>
      <item type="note" index="0" tickable="false" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Complete the GUMPS check on downwind, base, and final.</text>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>G — Gas: fuel selectors on correct respective tanks for each engine; shutoff valves open</text>
        <response>LEFT ON LEFT; RIGHT ON RIGHT; VALVES OPEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>U — Undercarriage: gear handle DOWN; three green lights; no red lights</text>
        <response>GEAR DOWN AND LOCKED; THREE GREEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>M — Mixture: both engines rich for landing</text>
        <response>BOTH RICH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>P — Propellers: both engines to full forward (high RPM) for go-around capability</text>
        <response>BOTH FULL FORWARD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>S — Seat belts and switches: belts on; landing light on; boost pumps on if required per POH</text>
        <response>BELTS FASTENED; LIGHT ON; PUMPS AS REQUIRED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — set for landing approach per POH</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — stabilize at approach speed per POH by final</text>
        <response>STABILIZED AT VREF PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine gauges — both engines; power sufficient for go-around</text>
        <response>CONFIRMED; POWER AVAILABLE</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="gear-check" phase="before_landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>Gear Check — Three Greens Confirmed</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Gear selector handle — DOWN position</text>
        <response>DOWN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Three green indicator lights — illuminated</text>
        <response>THREE GREEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Gear position light — no red warning lights illuminated</text>
        <response>NO RED LIGHTS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Landing gear warning horn — test if equipped and conditions met per POH</text>
        <response>TESTED / SILENT AS APPROPRIATE</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="landing" phase="landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>Landing</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Final approach — stabilized on centerline, glidepath, and airspeed by published gate</text>
        <response>STABLE APPROACH CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Threshold — aim point established; airspeed per POH</text>
        <response>VREF MAINTAINED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flare — reduce power smoothly over the threshold to idle</text>
        <response>POWER TO IDLE IN FLARE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Touchdown — on main gear; track centerline with rudder</text>
        <response>SMOOTH TOUCHDOWN; CENTERLINE MAINTAINED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Nosewheel — lower smoothly after speed decreases</text>
        <response>LOWERED SMOOTHLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Braking — apply as needed; avoid skidding</text>
        <response>APPLIED AS NEEDED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract after clear of runway</text>
        <response>RETRACTED AFTER CLEARING RUNWAY</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="go-around" phase="go_around" criticality="normal">
      <title>Go-Around</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttles — both engines, advance smoothly to full power</text>
        <response>FULL POWER</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Pitch — establish climb attitude per POH</text>
        <response>CLIMB ATTITUDE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract incrementally per POH; do not retract all at once close to the ground</text>
        <response>INCREMENTAL RETRACTION PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Positive rate of climb — verify on VSI</text>
        <response>POSITIVE RATE CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Landing gear — retract once positive rate established</text>
        <response>GEAR UP</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — accelerate to Vy or climb speed per POH</text>
        <response>ESTABLISHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ATC — advise of go-around</text>
        <response>NOTIFIED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="after-landing" phase="after_landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>After Landing</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract after clearing runway</text>
        <response>RETRACTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Carburetor heat — both engines, return to COLD</text>
        <response>COLD</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Landing light — off when clear of runway if no longer needed</text>
        <response>OFF OR AS REQUIRED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Transponder — set to ground mode or as per local procedure</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selectors — confirm both on respective tanks</text>
        <response>CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Taxi to parking — clear of active runway before performing checklist items</text>
        <response>CLEAR OF RUNWAY</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="shutdown" phase="shutdown" criticality="normal">
      <title>Engine Shutdown</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttles — both engines to idle</text>
        <response>IDLE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics master</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Allow engines to cool at idle — per POH idle time before shutdown</text>
        <response>COOLING PERIOD COMPLETE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — both engines, pull to IDLE CUTOFF simultaneously or in sequence per POH</text>
        <response>IDLE CUTOFF; BOTH ENGINES STOPPING</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Ignition switches — both engines, OFF after engines stop</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttles — both engines, closed</text>
        <response>CLOSED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selectors — both engines</text>
        <response>OFF (or per POH / operator guidance)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Master switch</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="securing" phase="securing" criticality="normal">
      <title>Securing the Aircraft</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Control lock</text>
        <response>INSTALLED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps</text>
        <response>RETRACTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Pitot cover</text>
        <response>INSTALLED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Tiedowns — wing and tail</text>
        <response>SECURED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Wheel chocks</text>
        <response>IN PLACE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel — fill tanks if appropriate to prevent moisture condensation overnight</text>
        <response>TOPPED OR PER OPERATOR PREFERENCE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Oil levels — check both engines while warm; top up as needed</text>
        <response>CHECKED; TOPPED AS REQUIRED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Hobbs and tach times — record for both engines</text>
        <response>RECORDED IN LOGBOOK</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Logbook — squawks or discrepancies noted</text>
        <response>RECORDED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Cabin doors and windows</text>
        <response>CLOSED AND LOCKED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
  </sections>
</openChecklist>
