{
  "open_checklist_version": "1.0",
  "id": "piper-pa28-181-normal",
  "title": "Piper PA-28-181 Archer III — Normal Operating Procedures",
  "description": "Normal operating procedures for the Piper PA-28-181 Archer III with Lycoming O-360 carbureted engine. Covers preflight walk-around through shutdown and securing. Contains no numeric limitations; all airspeeds, power settings, fuel quantities, and performance values must be obtained from the specific aircraft POH. Equipment variations exist across this production run; verify against the specific aircraft.",
  "aircraft": {
    "make": "Piper",
    "model": "PA-28-181",
    "variant": "Archer III",
    "icao_type": "PA28",
    "category": "standard_normal",
    "engine": [
      {
        "make": "Lycoming",
        "model": "O-360",
        "type": "piston_4stroke",
        "count": 1
      }
    ],
    "propeller": "fixed_pitch",
    "gear": "fixed_tricycle"
  },
  "units": {
    "airspeed": "kt",
    "altitude": "ft",
    "fuel": "usgal",
    "weight": "lb",
    "pressure": "inhg",
    "temperature": "f"
  },
  "provenance": {
    "source": {
      "kind": "none",
      "notes": "No manufacturer document consulted. Written from general familiarity with the Piper PA-28-181 Archer III and the Lycoming O-360 carbureted engine."
    },
    "transcription": {
      "method": "authored",
      "tool": "claude-sonnet-4-6",
      "date": "2026-08-11"
    },
    "contributors": [
      {
        "name": "Open Checklists project",
        "role": [
          "author"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "revision": {
      "file_revision": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-08-11"
    }
  },
  "verification": {
    "source_fidelity": "not_applicable",
    "operational_review": "none",
    "completeness": "normal_only",
    "known_issues": [
      {
        "severity": "safety_defect",
        "description": "Contains no airspeeds, power settings, fuel quantities or other limitations — must come from aircraft POH.",
        "location": "whole file"
      },
      {
        "severity": "content_gap",
        "description": "Equipment variations exist across this model and variant, including presence or absence of cowl flaps and avionics configurations. Verify all items against the specific aircraft POH before use.",
        "location": "whole file"
      }
    ]
  },
  "rights": {
    "status": "original_expression",
    "corpus_license": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "redistribution": "attribution_required",
    "notes": "Piper POH remains under copyright. This file is independently authored and does not reproduce the wording or item selection of any manufacturer document."
  },
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "preflight-inspection",
      "phase": "preflight_inspection",
      "title": "Preflight Walk-Around",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "preflight-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Aircraft documents (ARROW) — airworthiness certificate, registration, radio station license, operating handbook, weight-and-balance data",
          "response": "ON BOARD AND CURRENT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel quantity — visually verify each tank; quantity matches tabs or dipstick; sufficient for flight with required reserves",
          "response": "VERIFIED, ADEQUATE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel grade — confirm correct octane for the O-360 engine",
          "response": "CORRECT GRADE PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel sump — left wing tank quick-drain; sample checked for water and contamination",
          "response": "CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO CONTAMINATION",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel sump — right wing tank quick-drain; sample checked for water and contamination",
          "response": "CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO CONTAMINATION",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel sump — gascolator drain on lower engine firewall",
          "response": "DRAINED AND CLEAR",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel caps — both wing tanks",
          "response": "PROPERLY SEATED AND SECURED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector — rotate through all positions; verify freedom of movement and positive detents",
          "response": "MOVES FREELY, DETENTS POSITIVE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine oil level — dipstick check; verify quantity within acceptable operating range",
          "response": "WITHIN LIMITS PER POH; CAP SECURE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine compartment — inspect for fuel or oil leaks, chafed wiring, loose hoses, and foreign objects",
          "response": "CLEAN AND SECURE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-11",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor air inlet — screen or filter present; opening clear of obstructions",
          "response": "CLEAR, FILTER SERVICEABLE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-12",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Exhaust system — visible stacks and muffler for cracks, loose clamps, or unusual heat discoloration",
          "response": "SERVICEABLE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-13",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped) — open and free to operate",
          "response": "OPEN / SERVICEABLE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-14",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowling fasteners",
          "response": "ALL SECURE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-15",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Propeller and spinner — inspect for nicks, cracks, gouges, and spinner security",
          "response": "SERVICEABLE, SPINNER SECURE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-16",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Nose gear — strut extension, shimmy damper, tire condition, and tow bar removal",
          "response": "STRUT EXTENDED, TIRE SERVICEABLE, TOW BAR REMOVED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-17",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Pitot tube — cover removed, inlet clear",
          "response": "COVER REMOVED, CLEAR",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-18",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Static ports — both sides of fuselage, unobstructed",
          "response": "CLEAR",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-19",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Left wing leading edge, fuel tank skin, and stall warning vane",
          "response": "NO DEFORMATION OR FUEL STAINING; VANE MOVES FREELY",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-20",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Left aileron and flap — attachment security, full travel, and surface condition",
          "response": "SECURE, FREE MOVEMENT, NO DAMAGE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-21",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Left wingtip and navigation light",
          "response": "UNDAMAGED, LENS INTACT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-22",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Left main gear — strut extension, tire condition, and brake assembly",
          "response": "STRUT NORMAL, TIRE SERVICEABLE, BRAKES ADEQUATE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-23",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Horizontal stabilator — leading edge, hinge bolts, and anti-servo tab condition",
          "response": "UNDAMAGED, HARDWARE SECURE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-24",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Vertical stabilizer and rudder — condition, hinge security, and tail beacon",
          "response": "SERVICEABLE, BEACON LENS INTACT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-25",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Tail tie-down",
          "response": "REMOVED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-26",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Right main gear — strut, tire, and brake condition",
          "response": "STRUT NORMAL, TIRE SERVICEABLE, BRAKES ADEQUATE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-27",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Right wing — leading edge, fuel tank skin, and fuel cap security",
          "response": "UNDAMAGED, FUEL CAP SECURE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-28",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Right aileron and flap — attachment, travel, and condition",
          "response": "SECURE, FREE MOVEMENT, NO DAMAGE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-29",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Right wingtip and navigation light",
          "response": "UNDAMAGED, LENS INTACT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-30",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Wing and nose tie-downs — all ground restraints removed",
          "response": "REMOVED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-31",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Antennas — all externally visible units",
          "response": "SECURE AND UNDAMAGED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "preflight-32",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Baggage door — latched and secured",
          "response": "LATCHED",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "cockpit-preparation",
      "phase": "before_start",
      "title": "Cockpit Preparation / Before Start",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "cockpit-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Control lock",
          "response": "REMOVED AND STOWED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Seats — fore-aft position and lock",
          "response": "ADJUSTED AND LOCKED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Seat belts and shoulder harnesses — all occupants",
          "response": "FASTENED AND ADJUSTED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Passenger briefing — seatbelts, door latching, emergency exits, no smoking, sterile cockpit during critical phases",
          "response": "COMPLETED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flight controls — move through full travel; verify aileron, elevator, and rudder respond correctly and move freely",
          "response": "FULL AND FREE, CORRECT SENSE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Parking brake",
          "response": "SET",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector — select fullest tank or per POH recommendation for start and takeoff",
          "response": "CORRECT TANK SELECTED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Avionics master switch",
          "response": "OFF (protect avionics during start)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "All electrical switches — lights, strobes, pitot heat, fan",
          "response": "OFF",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Circuit breakers",
          "response": "ALL IN",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-11",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped)",
          "response": "OPEN",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-12",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flaps — set for takeoff per POH",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-13",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Elevator trim — set to takeoff position",
          "response": "SET TAKEOFF",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-14",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture",
          "response": "RICH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cockpit-15",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle",
          "response": "CLOSED / IDLE",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "engine-start",
      "phase": "engine_start",
      "title": "Engine Start",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "engine-start-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Area clear — visually confirm propeller arc is free of persons and objects; announce 'CLEAR PROP'",
          "response": "CLEAR; ANNOUNCED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Battery master switch",
          "response": "ON",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Alternator switch",
          "response": "ON",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Beacon / anti-collision light",
          "response": "ON",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Prime — prime per POH for ambient conditions; cold engine requires more priming than warm",
          "response": "PRIMED PER POH CONDITIONS",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — set for start per POH (typically cracked slightly open)",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture",
          "response": "RICH (or per POH for elevation)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Ignition switch",
          "response": "BOTH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Starter — engage; release promptly when engine fires",
          "response": "ENGAGED, THEN RELEASED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — reduce to idle once engine runs smoothly",
          "response": "REDUCED TO IDLE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-11",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Oil pressure — verify pressure rise within first 30 seconds; shut down if no rise",
          "response": "RISING NORMALLY",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-12",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Avionics master switch",
          "response": "ON (after engine stable)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "engine-start-13",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine instruments — oil pressure in green arc, no warning lights",
          "response": "NORMAL",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "after-start",
      "phase": "after_start",
      "title": "Before Taxi / After Start",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "after-start-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Avionics — power-on self-tests; GPS, COM/NAV, transponder operational",
          "response": "SELF-TESTS COMPLETE, OPERATIONAL",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Altimeter — set current altimeter setting; confirm indicated elevation matches field elevation within tolerance",
          "response": "SET AND CONFIRMED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Heading indicator — align to magnetic compass while stationary",
          "response": "ALIGNED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "ATIS / weather — obtain current field conditions and NOTAM information",
          "response": "OBTAINED AND NOTED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Transponder — set assigned or VFR squawk code; mode as appropriate",
          "response": "CODE SET, ALT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Taxi clearance or CTAF advisory",
          "response": "OBTAINED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Taxi and landing lights",
          "response": "ON AS APPROPRIATE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Parking brake",
          "response": "RELEASE WHEN READY TO TAXI",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Brakes — test effectiveness with brief application after first forward movement",
          "response": "EFFECTIVE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-start-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flight instruments during taxi — attitude indicator erecting, turn coordinator responding, magnetic compass swinging",
          "response": "FUNCTIONING NORMALLY",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "before-takeoff",
      "phase": "before_takeoff",
      "title": "Run-Up / Before Takeoff",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Parking brake",
          "response": "SET",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Run-up position — headed into wind if possible; surface firm and free of loose debris",
          "response": "CONFIRMED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flight controls — recheck full and free movement, correct control response",
          "response": "FULL, FREE, AND CORRECT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector — fullest tank or per POH recommendation for takeoff",
          "response": "CORRECT TANK",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture",
          "response": "RICH (or adjusted for field elevation per POH)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine warm-up — oil temperature in green arc before run-up power application",
          "response": "OIL TEMP IN GREEN",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — advance to run-up power setting per POH",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Magnetos — check LEFT, then RIGHT; RPM drop on each within POH limits; differential within limits; return to BOTH",
          "response": "BOTH CHECKED, WITHIN LIMITS",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat — apply and note RPM change; a slight drop confirms carb heat is functioning; clear ice if any; return to COLD",
          "response": "CHECKED, CARB HEAT FUNCTIONAL, COLD",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine instruments at run-up power — oil pressure and temperature within normal range",
          "response": "NORMAL",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-11",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — reduce to idle; engine runs smoothly without roughness or stumble",
          "response": "SMOOTH AT IDLE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-12",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Suction / vacuum gauge",
          "response": "WITHIN NORMAL RANGE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-13",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Ammeter / electrical system",
          "response": "INDICATING CHARGE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-14",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flaps — confirm takeoff setting; indicator verified",
          "response": "SET PER POH, CONFIRMED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-15",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Elevator trim",
          "response": "SET TO TAKEOFF POSITION",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-16",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Transponder",
          "response": "ALT (or as directed by ATC)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-17",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Strobes and landing light",
          "response": "ON",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-18",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Doors and windows — fully closed and latched",
          "response": "CLOSED AND LATCHED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-takeoff-19",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Abort plan — departure-end landing area and abort speed/criteria reviewed",
          "response": "BRIEFED",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "takeoff",
      "phase": "takeoff",
      "title": "Takeoff",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "takeoff-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Final approach and runway — confirm clear in both directions before entering runway",
          "response": "CLEAR",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat",
          "response": "COLD for takeoff",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — advance smoothly to full power; do not rush the application",
          "response": "FULL POWER, RPM CONFIRMED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine gauges at takeoff power — oil pressure normal, no anomalies",
          "response": "NORMAL",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Directional control — apply right rudder as needed to maintain runway centerline",
          "response": "TRACKING CENTERLINE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Rotate — apply smooth back pressure on stabilator at Vr per POH",
          "response": "ROTATE PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Positive rate of climb — confirm on altimeter and VSI before retracting flaps",
          "response": "CONFIRMED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flaps — retract after positive rate established and clear of obstacles per POH",
          "response": "RETRACTING PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "takeoff-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Airspeed — transition to Vx or Vy as appropriate for conditions per POH",
          "response": "ESTABLISHED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "climb",
      "phase": "climb",
      "title": "Climb",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "climb-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Airspeed — establish best-rate or best-angle climb per conditions and POH",
          "response": "ESTABLISHED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — full power or normal climb power per POH",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat — monitor for conditions conducive to carburetor ice; apply if ice suspected",
          "response": "MONITORED; COLD UNLESS ICE SUSPECTED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped) — open during climb to manage cylinder head temperatures",
          "response": "OPEN",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture — rich below density altitude requiring lean; lean progressively at higher elevations per POH",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure within normal limits; no abnormal indications",
          "response": "NORMAL",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel quantity — periodic check; consistent with planned consumption",
          "response": "CHECKED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Heading indicator — cross-check against magnetic compass",
          "response": "CHECKED AND CONSISTENT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "climb-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Traffic scan",
          "response": "CONTINUOUS",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "cruise",
      "phase": "cruise",
      "title": "Cruise",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "cruise-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — set cruise power per POH cruise performance table for altitude and temperature",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped) — adjust for cylinder head temperature management in cruise",
          "response": "ADJUSTED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture — lean to best power or best economy per POH recommendation for cruise power and altitude",
          "response": "LEANED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Elevator trim — adjust for hands-free level cruise flight",
          "response": "TRIMMED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, and other gauges within normal limits",
          "response": "ALL NORMAL",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel quantity — both tanks; verify remaining fuel consistent with planned burn rate",
          "response": "CHECKED AND CONSISTENT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector — switch tanks per POH interval to maintain lateral balance",
          "response": "SWITCHED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat — apply periodically or when conditions indicate icing risk (temperature and dewpoint spread, visible moisture, reduced RPM)",
          "response": "MONITORED; APPLIED AS REQUIRED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Navigation — position, course, and fuel remaining consistent with flight plan",
          "response": "ON COURSE, ON SCHEDULE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "cruise-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Weather scan — check for developing weather and review alternates",
          "response": "CHECKED",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "descent",
      "phase": "descent",
      "title": "Descent",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "descent-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector — switch to fullest tank or per POH for approach and landing",
          "response": "FULLEST TANK / PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture — enrichen progressively as altitude decreases",
          "response": "ENRICHENING",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat — apply during power reductions; monitor for engine roughness indicating ice presence",
          "response": "APPLIED DURING POWER REDUCTIONS",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — reduce gradually; avoid shock cooling the engine with abrupt power changes",
          "response": "REDUCED GRADUALLY PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped) — close as engine cools during descent",
          "response": "ADJUSTED TO MANAGE CHT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "ATIS / destination weather — obtain current conditions",
          "response": "OBTAINED AND NOTED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Altimeter — update to current destination setting",
          "response": "UPDATED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "descent-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Airspeed — monitor; remain within the appropriate speed for flap extension as flaps are later deployed",
          "response": "MONITORED",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "before-landing",
      "phase": "before_landing",
      "title": "Before Landing",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "before-landing-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector — fullest tank or per POH for landing",
          "response": "FULLEST TANK / PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture",
          "response": "RICH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat — apply on downwind or prior to significant power reduction on approach",
          "response": "ON (WARM)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped)",
          "response": "CLOSED OR PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Seat belts and shoulder harnesses — confirm all occupants secured",
          "response": "FASTENED AND SNUG",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flaps — extend incrementally on final approach per POH; verify indicator matches selected position",
          "response": "SET PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Airspeed — stabilize approach speed per POH for weight and flap configuration",
          "response": "ESTABLISHED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Landing light",
          "response": "ON",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "before-landing-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Traffic and runway — confirm final approach and runway are clear",
          "response": "CLEAR",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "landing",
      "phase": "landing",
      "title": "Landing",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "landing-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Approach speed — maintain stabilized approach at POH speed for flap setting and weight; do not allow excessive energy buildup",
          "response": "STABILIZED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "landing-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Runway alignment — confirm landing on centerline; adjust crosswind correction as needed",
          "response": "ON CENTERLINE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "landing-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Power — reduce smoothly to idle at flare; do not cut power abruptly from high setting",
          "response": "REDUCED TO IDLE AT FLARE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "landing-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flare — apply gentle back pressure on stabilator to arrest sink rate; avoid ballooning or holding off too high",
          "response": "SMOOTH FLARE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "landing-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Touchdown — main gear first in normal landing; hold nose wheel off until speed decreases",
          "response": "MAINS FIRST, NOSE HELD OFF",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "landing-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Brakes — apply after nose wheel lowers; maintain directional control; avoid locking wheels",
          "response": "SMOOTH, EVEN APPLICATION",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "landing-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Runway exit — clear the active runway before slowing excessively; exit at a safe taxi speed",
          "response": "CLEAR OF RUNWAY",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "go-around",
      "phase": "go_around",
      "title": "Go-Around / Missed Approach",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "go-around-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — advance smoothly to full power without hesitation",
          "response": "FULL POWER",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "go-around-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat",
          "response": "COLD (full power required; carb heat reduces power)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "go-around-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Pitch attitude — establish a positive climb attitude; do not over-rotate",
          "response": "CLIMB ATTITUDE ESTABLISHED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "go-around-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flaps — retract incrementally; initial partial retraction to reduce drag while maintaining lift; verify climb performance before full retraction",
          "response": "RETRACTING PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "go-around-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Airspeed — accelerate to Vy after flap retraction",
          "response": "ESTABLISHED PER POH",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "go-around-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Traffic pattern — communicate intentions and fly standard pattern or as directed by ATC",
          "response": "COMMUNICATED",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "after-landing",
      "phase": "after_landing",
      "title": "After Landing",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "after-landing-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Carburetor heat",
          "response": "COLD",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-landing-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Flaps",
          "response": "RETRACT",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-landing-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Cowl flaps (if equipped)",
          "response": "OPEN",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-landing-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Landing light",
          "response": "OFF or as desired",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-landing-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Transponder",
          "response": "STANDBY or as directed",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "after-landing-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture — maintain rich for taxi if further operations; do not lean aggressively at high taxi power",
          "response": "RICH",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "shutdown",
      "phase": "shutdown",
      "title": "Shutdown and Securing",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "shutdown-1",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Parking brake",
          "response": "SET",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-2",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Avionics master switch",
          "response": "OFF (before magneto shutdown)",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-3",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "All electrical loads — lights, fan, pitot heat",
          "response": "OFF",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-4",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Mixture — pull to idle cut-off when engine is ready for shutdown; allow engine to stop cleanly",
          "response": "IDLE CUT-OFF; ENGINE STOPPED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-5",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Throttle — after engine stops",
          "response": "CLOSED / IDLE",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-6",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Ignition switch",
          "response": "OFF",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-7",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Battery master switch",
          "response": "OFF",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-8",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Fuel selector",
          "response": "OFF or per owner's practice",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-9",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Control lock — install to protect flight controls",
          "response": "INSTALLED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-10",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Tie-downs — secure both wings and nose/tail per airport requirements",
          "response": "SECURED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-11",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Pitot tube cover",
          "response": "INSTALLED",
          "tickable": true
        },
        {
          "id": "shutdown-12",
          "type": "action",
          "text": "Aircraft — log squawks; complete maintenance release if required; record Hobbs and tach time",
          "response": "COMPLETED",
          "tickable": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}