#	Piper PA-28-161 Warrior II — Normal Operating Procedures (independently worded)
#	NOT FOR FLIGHT — source fidelity: not_applicable | operational review: none | completeness: normal_only | 1 unresolved safety defect(s)
#	Source: authored — no source document
#	Rights: original_expression CC-BY-4.0
#	Checklist hash: 9341a7a45c15660409901407dc013635bb2fe4244535ae267470e3459407daea
#	Verify against the aircraft's own approved documentation before use.
section_id	phase	criticality	section_title	item_index	item_id	type	tickable	memory_item	indent	text	response	condition	detail
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	0		action	yes	no	0	Aircraft documents — airworthiness certificate, registration, POH/AFM, weight and balance	ON BOARD AND CURRENT		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	1		action	yes	no	0	Fuel quantity — left tank, visually confirmed through leading-edge inspection window	LEVEL CONSISTENT WITH PLANNED FUEL LOAD		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	2		action	yes	no	0	Fuel quantity — right tank, visually confirmed through leading-edge inspection window	LEVEL CONSISTENT WITH PLANNED FUEL LOAD		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	3		action	yes	no	0	Fuel caps — both tanks	SECURE AND SEATED, O-RINGS VISIBLE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	4		action	yes	no	0	Fuel sample — left tank sump drain	CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO WATER OR DEBRIS		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	5		action	yes	no	0	Fuel sample — right tank sump drain	CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO WATER OR DEBRIS		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	6		action	yes	no	0	Fuel sample — gascolator drain	CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO WATER OR DEBRIS		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	7		action	yes	no	0	Engine oil level	WITHIN ACCEPTABLE RANGE PER POH, CAP SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	8		action	yes	no	0	Engine compartment — inspect for fluid leaks, loose hoses, chafed wiring, and foreign objects	CLEAR AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	9		action	yes	no	0	Air induction filter	UNOBSTRUCTED AND UNDAMAGED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	10		action	yes	no	0	Propeller and spinner — inspect for nicks, cracks, erosion, and security	SERVICEABLE, SPINNER SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	11		action	yes	no	0	Nose gear strut, shimmy damper, and tire	STRUT EXTENDED, TIRE INFLATED AND UNDAMAGED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	12		action	yes	no	0	Left main gear, brake, and tire	TIRE INFLATED, BRAKE PADS ADEQUATE, NO FLUID LEAKS		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	13		action	yes	no	0	Left wing — leading edge, skin, and wingtip	NO DEFORMATION, CRACKS, OR DAMAGE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	14		action	yes	no	0	Left aileron, hinges, and control linkage	FREE MOVEMENT, HINGES AND ROD SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	15		action	yes	no	0	Left flap, hinges, and manual flap track	UNDAMAGED, HINGES AND TRACK SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	16		action	yes	no	0	Left static port	UNOBSTRUCTED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	17		action	yes	no	0	Fuselage skin and antennas	UNDAMAGED, ANTENNAS INTACT AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	18		action	yes	no	0	Horizontal stabilator, trim tab, and anti-servo tab linkage	NO DAMAGE OR CORROSION, HINGE BOLTS PRESENT, LINKAGE SECURE		The PA-28 uses an all-flying stabilator, not a conventional elevator. Inspect the anti-servo tab push-pull rod for security and verify the tab moves opposite to stabilator deflection.
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	19		action	yes	no	0	Rudder, hinges, and control linkage	UNDAMAGED, HINGES AND CABLES SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	20		action	yes	no	0	Tie-down ropes and chocks	REMOVED AND STOWED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	21		action	yes	no	0	Right flap, hinges, and track	UNDAMAGED, HINGES AND TRACK SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	22		action	yes	no	0	Right aileron, hinges, and control linkage	FREE MOVEMENT, HINGES AND ROD SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	23		action	yes	no	0	Right wing — leading edge, skin, and wingtip	NO DEFORMATION, CRACKS, OR DAMAGE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	24		action	yes	no	0	Right main gear, brake, and tire	TIRE INFLATED, BRAKE PADS ADEQUATE, NO FLUID LEAKS		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	25		action	yes	no	0	Pitot tube — cover removed, opening clear	COVER REMOVED, UNOBSTRUCTED		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	0		action	yes	no	0	Seats — fore-aft position adjusted for full rudder and brake pedal travel; rail lock confirmed	ADJUSTED AND LOCKED		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	1		action	yes	no	0	Seat belts and shoulder harnesses — all occupants	FASTENED AND SNUG		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	2		action	yes	no	0	Control lock	REMOVED AND STOWED		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	3		action	yes	no	0	Flight controls — full and unobstructed movement in all axes; correct deflection confirmed	FREE AND CORRECT		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	4		action	yes	no	0	Circuit breakers	ALL IN		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	5		action	yes	no	0	Avionics master	OFF (leave off during start)		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	6		action	yes	no	0	Master switch (battery)	ON — confirm ammeter normal and no low-voltage warning		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	7		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector valve	BOTH — confirm handle fully seated in detent		The PA-28 fuel selector has distinct detents for LEFT, RIGHT, and BOTH. Feel and visually confirm the handle position. Unlike some high-wing types, off is also a selector position on the PA-28.
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	8		action	yes	no	0	Primer	IN AND LOCKED		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	9		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	CLOSED THEN CRACKED OPEN PER POH START PROCEDURE		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	10		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	RICH (or adjusted for density altitude per POH)		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	11		action	yes	no	0	Flaps	UP (RETRACTED)		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	12		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	SET		
before-start	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	13		action	yes	no	0	Weight and balance / performance	COMPUTED AND WITHIN LIMITS FOR THIS FLIGHT		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	0		challenge	yes	no	0	Visually clear the propeller arc of all personnel and obstructions; call ‘Clear prop’			
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	1		action	yes	no	0	Prime — as required for engine temperature and conditions; lock primer in after use	AS REQUIRED PER POH, LOCKED IN		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	2		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	SET PER POH START PROCEDURE		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	3		action	yes	no	0	Magneto / ignition switch	START — RELEASE TO BOTH AS SOON AS ENGINE FIRES		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	4		action	yes	no	0	Oil pressure — check immediately after start	RISING WITHIN TIME LIMIT PER POH — SHUT DOWN IF NOT		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	5		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — after start	REDUCE TO WARM IDLE PER POH		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	6		action	yes	no	0	Avionics master	ON		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	7		action	yes	no	0	Alternator / charging — ammeter indication	POSITIVE CHARGE CONFIRMED		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	8		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments — oil temperature and pressure	CHECKED, WARMING INTO NORMAL RANGE		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	0		action	yes	no	0	ATIS or local weather	OBTAINED AND NOTED — ACTIVE RUNWAY AND ALTIMETER SETTING RECORDED		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	1		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter	SET TO CURRENT SETTING; FIELD ELEVATION CONFIRMED		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	2		action	yes	no	0	Heading indicator	ALIGNED WITH MAGNETIC COMPASS		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	3		action	yes	no	0	Flight instruments — attitude indicator, turn coordinator, VSI	GYROS ERECT, VSI AT ZERO, TC BALL CENTERED		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	4		action	yes	no	0	Brakes — test both individually before moving	FIRM AND EFFECTIVE		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	5		action	yes	no	0	Transponder	CODE SET, ALTITUDE (ALT) MODE		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	6		action	yes	no	0	Radios and avionics	SET FOR DEPARTURE		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	0		action	yes	no	0	Run-up position — headed into wind if practical; area clear of blast hazard	CONFIRMED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	1		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	SET		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	2		action	yes	no	0	Flight controls	FREE AND CORRECT — FULL TRAVEL VERIFIED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	3		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector	BOTH — DETENT CONFIRMED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	4		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	RICH OR ADJUSTED FOR DENSITY ALTITUDE PER POH		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	5		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — advance to run-up power per POH	RUN-UP RPM SET		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	6		action	yes	no	0	Magneto check — LEFT, then RIGHT, then BOTH	DROPS WITHIN POH LIMITS; SPREAD WITHIN LIMITS; SMOOTH ON BOTH		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	7		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — apply FULL HOT; note RPM response; return to COLD	SLIGHT DROP CONFIRMS HEAT FUNCTIONING; RETURNED TO COLD		A rough engine followed by recovery during the carb heat check indicates ice was present. The Lycoming O-320 is susceptible to carb ice across a wide temperature range in moist air. Return heat to COLD before applying takeoff power.
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	8		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — reduce to idle; confirm smooth idle	IDLE SMOOTH AND STABLE		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	9		action	yes	no	0	Suction / vacuum gauge	IN GREEN ARC		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	10		action	yes	no	0	Ammeter and circuit breakers	AMMETER POSITIVE, NO BREAKERS TRIPPED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	11		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — set for takeoff per POH and conditions	SET AS REQUIRED, POSITION CONFIRMED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	12		action	yes	no	0	Elevator trim	TAKEOFF POSITION PER POH		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	13		action	yes	no	0	Takeoff briefing — abort point, engine-failure action, departure routing	BRIEFED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	14		action	yes	no	0	Doors and windows	CLOSED AND LATCHED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	15		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — confirm before applying takeoff power	COLD		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	0		action	yes	no	0	Runway — confirm correct runway, clear of traffic and obstructions	CONFIRMED CLEAR		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	1		action	yes	no	0	Transponder	ALTITUDE (ALT) MODE		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	2		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	3		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — advance smoothly to full power; verify engine instruments in range	FULL POWER — INSTRUMENTS CHECKED		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	4		challenge	yes	no	0	Maintain directional control with rudder pedals during the takeoff roll; correct for left-turning tendency with right rudder			
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	5		action	yes	no	0	Rotate at speed per POH and establish climb attitude	CLIMB ATTITUDE ESTABLISHED		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	0		action	yes	no	0	Airspeed — establish Vy for normal climb or Vx for obstacle clearance per POH	CLIMB SPEED PER POH		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	1		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — confirm retracted after clearing any obstacles with positive climb established	UP		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	2		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD UNLESS ICING CONDITIONS SUSPECTED		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	3		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments — oil temperature and pressure	IN GREEN ARCS		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	4		action	yes	no	0	Mixture — leaned for cruise climb at higher density altitudes per POH	AS REQUIRED PER POH		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	5		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector	BOTH		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	6		action	yes	no	0	Trim	ADJUSTED FOR HANDS-OFF CLIMB		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	7		challenge	yes	no	0	Scan for traffic; communicate position reports and frequency changes as required			
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	0		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — set desired cruise power per POH performance tables	CRUISE POWER SET		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	1		action	yes	no	0	Mixture — lean for altitude and power setting per POH technique	LEANED PER POH		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	2		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — apply as required in suspected icing conditions; otherwise COLD	COLD OR ON AS CONDITIONS WARRANT		Carb ice can form across a wide temperature range in moist air. Periodic carb heat checks during cruise are good practice.
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	3		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, ammeter	WITHIN NORMAL RANGE		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	4		action	yes	no	0	Fuel quantity — compare gauge readings against elapsed time and planned fuel burn	ADEQUATE FOR DESTINATION PLUS LEGAL RESERVE		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	5		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector	BOTH		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	6		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter and heading indicator — reset and realign as required	CHECKED AND RESET EN ROUTE		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	7		action	yes	no	0	Trim	ADJUSTED FOR LEVEL FLIGHT		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	0		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — apply FULL HOT before reducing power for descent	ON BEFORE POWER REDUCTION		Carb ice is most likely to form during power reductions in moist air. Apply heat before throttling back.
descent	descent	normal	Descent	1		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — reduce to desired descent power; avoid prolonged idle operation	DESCENT POWER SET		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	2		action	yes	no	0	Mixture — progressively enrichen as altitude decreases	ENRICHING WITH DESCENT		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	3		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter	SET TO DESTINATION AREA ALTIMETER SETTING		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	4		action	yes	no	0	ATIS or destination weather	OBTAINED — ACTIVE RUNWAY AND WINDS NOTED		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	5		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector	BOTH — CONFIRMED		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	6		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments	ALL WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	0		action	yes	no	0	Seat belts and shoulder harnesses — all occupants	SECURE		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	1		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector	BOTH — DETENT CONFIRMED		Critical step on the PA-28. The fuel selector must be positively on BOTH and the detent engaged before landing. An incorrect selection is easy to miss if the handle is between detents.
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	2		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	RICH		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	3		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — apply before reducing power for approach	ON		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	4		action	yes	no	0	Landing light	ON		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	5		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — extend to desired setting per POH; remain below Vfe	SET AS REQUIRED, POSITION CONFIRMED		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	6		action	yes	no	0	Airspeed — establish approach speed per POH for flap configuration	APPROACH SPEED PER POH		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	7		action	yes	no	0	Runway — clear and cleared to land or traffic clear	CONFIRMED CLEAR		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	0		challenge	yes	no	0	Maintain stabilized approach speed per POH to the threshold			
landing	landing	normal	Landing	1		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — when go-around power is confirmed available, return to COLD	COLD ON SHORT FINAL		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	2		challenge	yes	no	0	Begin flare over the threshold; arrest the rate of descent and allow speed to reduce			
landing	landing	normal	Landing	3		challenge	yes	no	0	Touch down on main wheels first in level or slightly nose-high attitude; gently lower nose wheel after speed decreases			
landing	landing	normal	Landing	4		action	yes	no	0	Brakes — apply progressively as required; avoid locking wheels	APPLIED AS REQUIRED		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	5		challenge	yes	no	0	Maintain centerline with rudder pedals throughout the roll-out			
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	0	go-around-mem-1	action	yes	yes	0	Throttle	FULL POWER — SMOOTH AND IMMEDIATE		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	1	go-around-mem-2	action	yes	yes	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF)		Return carb heat to COLD at the same time as or immediately after applying full power. Carb heat reduces available power.
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	2	go-around-mem-3	action	yes	yes	0	Pitch attitude — establish positive climb; arrest any sink	CLIMB ATTITUDE ESTABLISHED		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	3	go-around-mem-4	action	yes	yes	0	Flaps — retract incrementally; never retract all at once from full extension	RETRACTED INCREMENTALLY PER POH		The manual flap lever on the PA-28 requires deliberate repositioning. Reduce flaps in stages per POH to avoid sudden loss of lift during the go-around.
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	4		action	yes	no	0	Airspeed — climb at Vy; retract remaining flaps as speed and altitude allow	VY OR PER POH		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	5		action	yes	no	0	Trim	ADJUST FOR CLIMB		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	6		challenge	yes	no	0	Advise ATC or announce intentions; maintain awareness of other pattern traffic			
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	0		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF)		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	1		action	yes	no	0	Flaps	UP (RETRACTED)		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	2		action	yes	no	0	Landing light	OFF OR PER PREFERENCE		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	3		action	yes	no	0	Transponder	STANDBY OR AS DIRECTED		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	4		challenge	yes	no	0	Clear the active runway completely before beginning the shutdown checklist			
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	0		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	SET		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	1		action	yes	no	0	Avionics master and all electrical accessories	OFF		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	2		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	IDLE		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	3		challenge	yes	no	0	Allow engine to run at idle briefly to cool cylinder heads before shutdown			
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	4		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	IDLE CUT-OFF — PULL FULL AFT; allow propeller to stop		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	5		action	yes	no	0	Magneto / ignition switch — after propeller stops	OFF		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	6		action	yes	no	0	Master switch (battery)	OFF		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	7		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector	LEFT OR RIGHT PER AIRCRAFT PRACTICE, OR BOTH		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	8		action	yes	no	0	Control lock	INSTALLED		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	9		action	yes	no	0	Tie-downs, chocks, and pitot cover	INSTALLED		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	10		challenge	yes	no	0	Post-flight walk-around — note any leaks, damage, or discrepancies; record in aircraft logbook