<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<openChecklist version="1.0">
  <title>Cessna 172 SP — Normal Operating Procedures</title>
  <contentHash>9ac57a754855ebc54c6625e52b57a9c246cffeb923ce343009a2d6957baa4491</contentHash>
  <aircraft make="Cessna" model="172" variant="SP" category="standard_normal"/>
  <verification sourceFidelity="not_applicable" operationalReview="none" completeness="normal_only"/>
  <rights status="original_expression" license="CC-BY-4.0"/>
  <knownIssue severity="safety_defect">Contains no airspeeds, power settings, fuel quantities or other limitations — must come from aircraft POH.</knownIssue>
  <knownIssue severity="content_gap">Equipment variations exist across the 172SP production run, including steam-gauge and glass-panel (G1000/G1000 NXi) instrument configurations. Verify all items against the specific aircraft POH and avionics supplement before use.</knownIssue>
  <sections>
    <section id="preflight-inspection" phase="preflight_inspection" criticality="normal">
      <title>Preflight Walk-Around</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Aircraft documents (ARROW) — airworthiness certificate, registration, radio license, operating handbook, weight-and-balance data</text>
        <response>ON BOARD AND CURRENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel quantity — visually verify each tank; confirm quantity matches tabs or dipstick; sufficient for flight with required reserves</text>
        <response>VERIFIED, ADEQUATE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel grade and appearance</text>
        <response>CORRECT GRADE PER POH, COLOR CONSISTENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel caps — both tanks</text>
        <response>PROPERLY SEATED AND LOCKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel sump — left tank drain</text>
        <response>SAMPLED; CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO WATER OR DEBRIS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel sump — right tank drain</text>
        <response>SAMPLED; CLEAR, CORRECT COLOR, NO WATER OR DEBRIS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel sump — gascolator/main strainer drain</text>
        <response>DRAINED AND CLEAR</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel vent lines — both wing undersides</text>
        <response>UNOBSTRUCTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine oil level — dipstick check</text>
        <response>WITHIN ACCEPTABLE RANGE PER POH; CAP REINSTALLED AND SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine compartment — inspect for fuel or oil leaks, loose hoses, chafed wires, and foreign objects</text>
        <response>CLEAR AND SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Induction air inlet — fuel-injected engine; no carburetor heat system present</text>
        <response>INLET CLEAR, FILTER NOT BLOCKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Exhaust system — visible portions</text>
        <response>NO CRACKS, LOOSE CLAMPS, OR HEAT DISCOLORATION</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Cowling latches and fasteners</text>
        <response>SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Propeller and spinner — inspect for nicks, cracks, gouges, and security</text>
        <response>SERVICEABLE, SPINNER SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="14" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Nose gear strut and tire — extension, tread, and tow bar removal</text>
        <response>STRUT EXTENDED NORMALLY, TIRE SERVICEABLE, TOW BAR REMOVED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="15" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Pitot tube — cover removed, inlet clear of obstructions and insect debris</text>
        <response>COVER OFF, CLEAR</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="16" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Static ports — both sides of fuselage</text>
        <response>CLEAR AND UNOBSTRUCTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="17" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left wing leading edge and fuel tank skin</text>
        <response>NO DEFORMATION OR FUEL STAINING</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="18" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left aileron and flap — attachment, travel, and condition</text>
        <response>SECURE, FREE MOVEMENT, NO DAMAGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="19" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left wingtip and navigation light</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED, LENS INTACT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="20" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Stall warning port — clear; vane deflection activates audible warning</text>
        <response>CLEAR, FUNCTIONAL</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="21" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Left main gear — strut extension, tire condition, brake pad visibility</text>
        <response>STRUT NORMAL, TIRE SERVICEABLE, BRAKES ADEQUATE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="22" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Horizontal stabilizer and elevator — condition and hinge security</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED, HINGES SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="23" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Elevator trim tab — attachment and play</text>
        <response>SECURE, NO EXCESSIVE PLAY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="24" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Vertical stabilizer and rudder — condition, hinge hardware, and free movement</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED, RUDDER FREE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="25" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Tail tie-down</text>
        <response>RELEASED AND REMOVED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="26" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right main gear — strut, tire, and brake condition</text>
        <response>STRUT NORMAL, TIRE SERVICEABLE, BRAKES ADEQUATE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="27" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right wing and fuel tank — leading edge, tip, fuel cap security</text>
        <response>UNDAMAGED, FUEL CAP SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="28" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Right aileron and flap — attachment, travel, and condition</text>
        <response>SECURE, FREE MOVEMENT, NO DAMAGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="29" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Antennas — all externally visible</text>
        <response>SECURE AND UNDAMAGED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="30" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Wing and nose tie-downs — all ground restraints</text>
        <response>REMOVED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="cockpit-preparation" phase="before_start" criticality="normal">
      <title>Cockpit Preparation / Before Start</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Control lock</text>
        <response>REMOVED AND STOWED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Seats — fore-aft adjustment and lock pin</text>
        <response>ADJUSTED AND LOCKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Seat belts and shoulder harnesses — all occupants</text>
        <response>FASTENED AND ADJUSTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Passenger briefing — seatbelts, door latching, emergency exits, no smoking, sterile cockpit</text>
        <response>COMPLETED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flight controls — full travel check; aileron, elevator, and rudder in correct direction</text>
        <response>FULL AND FREE, CORRECT SENSE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selector</text>
        <response>BOTH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel shutoff valve</text>
        <response>ON (IN)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics master switch</text>
        <response>OFF (protect avionics during start)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>All electrical switches (lights, strobes, pitot heat)</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Circuit breakers</text>
        <response>ALL IN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — position indicator check; set for takeoff per POH</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Elevator trim</text>
        <response>SET TO TAKEOFF POSITION</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture</text>
        <response>RICH (or leaned per field elevation per POH)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="14" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle</text>
        <response>CLOSED / IDLE</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="engine-start" phase="engine_start" criticality="normal">
      <title>Engine Start</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Area clear — visually confirm propeller arc free of persons and objects</text>
        <response>CLEAR; ANNOUNCE 'CLEAR PROP'</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Battery master switch</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Alternator switch</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Beacon / anti-collision light</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — set for start per POH guidance</text>
        <response>APPROXIMATELY OPEN PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — hot start (warm engine): use ICO with fuel flow per POH flooded-start technique</text>
        <response>PER POH HOT-START PROCEDURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — cold/normal start</text>
        <response>RICH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Starter — engage; release promptly when engine fires</text>
        <response>ENGAGED THEN RELEASED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — after start</text>
        <response>REDUCE TO IDLE TO STABILIZE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Oil pressure — verify rise within first 30 seconds; shut down if pressure does not rise</text>
        <response>RISING NORMALLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics master switch</text>
        <response>ON (after engine stable)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine instruments — oil temp rising, gauges in normal range, no warning lights</text>
        <response>NORMAL</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="after-start" phase="after_start" criticality="normal">
      <title>Before Taxi / After Start</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics power-on checks — GPS, COM/NAV, transponder, autopilot if equipped</text>
        <response>SELF-TESTS COMPLETE, OPERATIONAL</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Altimeter — set current altimeter setting; verify field elevation within tolerance</text>
        <response>SET AND CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Heading indicator — align with magnetic compass while stationary</text>
        <response>ALIGNED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ATIS / weather — obtain current conditions</text>
        <response>OBTAINED AND NOTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Taxi clearance or CTAF advisory</text>
        <response>OBTAINED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Transponder — set assigned squawk code</text>
        <response>CODE SET, ALT MODE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Taxi and landing lights</text>
        <response>ON AS APPROPRIATE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>RELEASE WHEN READY TO TAXI</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Brakes — test with brief application after first forward movement</text>
        <response>EFFECTIVE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Gyroscopic instruments during taxi — attitude indicator erecting, turn coordinator responding</text>
        <response>FUNCTIONING NORMALLY</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="before-takeoff" phase="before_takeoff" criticality="normal">
      <title>Run-Up / Before Takeoff</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>SET</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Position — headed into wind if possible; surface firm and clear of loose debris</text>
        <response>CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flight controls — re-verify full and free movement, correct response</text>
        <response>FULL AND FREE, CORRECT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selector</text>
        <response>BOTH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture</text>
        <response>RICH (or adjusted per field elevation per POH)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine warm-up — oil temperature in green arc before run-up power</text>
        <response>OIL TEMP IN GREEN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — advance to run-up power setting per POH</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Magnetos — check LEFT then RIGHT; note RPM drop on each; return to BOTH; drops and differential within POH limits</text>
        <response>BOTH CHECKED, WITHIN LIMITS</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine instruments at run-up power — oil pressure, oil temperature, fuel flow, EGT, and CHT</text>
        <response>ALL IN NORMAL RANGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — reduce to idle; engine runs smoothly without roughness or stumble</text>
        <response>SMOOTH AT IDLE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Suction / vacuum gauge</text>
        <response>WITHIN NORMAL RANGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Ammeter / electrical system</text>
        <response>INDICATING CHARGE, NO DISCHARGE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — set for takeoff per POH; motion confirmed on indicator</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="13" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Elevator trim</text>
        <response>SET TO TAKEOFF POSITION</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="14" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Transponder</text>
        <response>ALT (or as directed by ATC)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="15" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Strobes and landing light</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="16" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Doors and windows</text>
        <response>CLOSED AND LATCHED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="17" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Abort plan — departure-end landing area and abort criteria identified</text>
        <response>REVIEWED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="takeoff" phase="takeoff" criticality="normal">
      <title>Takeoff</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Traffic pattern and runway — final clear, runway clear in both directions</text>
        <response>CLEAR</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — advance smoothly to full power</text>
        <response>FULL POWER; RPM CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine gauges at takeoff power — oil pressure, fuel flow; no abnormal indications</text>
        <response>NORMAL</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Directional control — apply right rudder as needed to track runway centerline</text>
        <response>TRACKING CENTERLINE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Rotate — apply smooth back pressure at Vr per POH</text>
        <response>ROTATE PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Positive rate of climb — confirm on altimeter and VSI</text>
        <response>CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract incrementally after positive rate established and clear of obstacles per POH</text>
        <response>RETRACTING PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — establish Vx or Vy per conditions and POH</text>
        <response>ESTABLISHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="climb" phase="climb" criticality="normal">
      <title>Climb</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — best-rate or best-angle climb speed per POH and conditions</text>
        <response>ESTABLISHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — full power maintained for climb or reduced per POH climb power</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — rich below density altitude requiring lean; lean progressively at higher elevations per POH</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine instruments — CHT, oil temperature, fuel flow; all in normal range</text>
        <response>NORMAL</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel quantity — periodic check; cross-check against planned burn</text>
        <response>CHECKED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Heading indicator — cross-check with magnetic compass</text>
        <response>CHECKED AND CONSISTENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Traffic scan</text>
        <response>CONTINUOUS</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="cruise" phase="cruise" criticality="normal">
      <title>Cruise</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — cruise power setting per POH cruise performance table</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — lean to peak EGT then enrichen per POH recommendation for selected power and altitude</text>
        <response>LEANED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Elevator trim — adjust for hands-free level flight</text>
        <response>TRIMMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, CHT, EGT within normal limits</text>
        <response>ALL NORMAL</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel gauges — both tanks; remaining quantity consistent with planned consumption</text>
        <response>CHECKED AND CONSISTENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selector — switch tanks per POH interval guidance to maintain balance</text>
        <response>SWITCHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Altimeter setting — update as needed; altitude maintained with VFR discipline</text>
        <response>CURRENT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Navigation — position and track confirmed; ETE and fuel endurance verified</text>
        <response>ON TRACK</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Ammeter / electrical system — no discharge indication</text>
        <response>NORMAL</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="descent" phase="descent" criticality="normal">
      <title>Descent</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ATIS / destination weather — obtain; note runway in use, wind, and relevant NOTAMs</text>
        <response>OBTAINED AND NOTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Altimeter — update to destination or nearest reporting station</text>
        <response>UPDATED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — enrichen progressively as altitude decreases per POH</text>
        <response>ENRICHENED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — reduce smoothly; avoid prolonged idle descent that may cause engine shock-cooling</text>
        <response>REDUCED SMOOTHLY</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selector</text>
        <response>BOTH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Engine instruments — verify CHT does not drop excessively; all indications normal</text>
        <response>NORMAL</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Traffic scan — heightened vigilance; terrain and traffic awareness increased near destination</text>
        <response>CONTINUOUS</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="before-landing" phase="before_landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>Before Landing</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selector</text>
        <response>BOTH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture</text>
        <response>RICH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Landing light</text>
        <response>ON</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — set to approach or full extension per POH and conditions</text>
        <response>SET PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — stabilize at Vref per flap setting and weight per POH</text>
        <response>ESTABLISHED PER POH</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Seat belts and harnesses — all occupants secure</text>
        <response>SECURE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Traffic pattern — position report made or ATC contact; pattern sequence established</text>
        <response>CLEAR TO LAND</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="landing" phase="landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>Landing</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Final approach — stabilized; airspeed on target, descent rate controlled, centerline aligned</text>
        <response>STABILIZED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Wind correction — crosswind crab or wing-low technique applied as needed</text>
        <response>APPLIED AS NEEDED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Runway — confirm clear of conflicting traffic and foreign objects before threshold</text>
        <response>CLEAR</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flare — initiated at appropriate height; throttle closed smoothly</text>
        <response>SMOOTH FLARE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Touchdown — main wheels contact first; nose held off as speed decays</text>
        <response>MAINS FIRST</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Rollout directional control — rudder used to track centerline; nose lowered gently</text>
        <response>TRACKING CENTERLINE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Brakes — progressive application as needed; avoid locked-wheel skidding</text>
        <response>APPLIED AS NEEDED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Runway exit — clear at first available taxiway; stop only after fully clear of runway</text>
        <response>CLEAR OF RUNWAY</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="go-around" phase="go_around" criticality="abnormal">
      <title>Go-Around</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — full power, smoothly and without hesitation</text>
        <response>FULL POWER</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Pitch attitude — establish positive climb attitude</text>
        <response>CLIMB ATTITUDE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract to first notch to reduce drag while maintaining lift</text>
        <response>PARTIAL RETRACT</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Airspeed — accelerate to climb speed before further flap retraction</text>
        <response>ACCELERATING</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract fully as airspeed permits and obstacles are cleared</text>
        <response>RETRACTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Positive rate of climb — confirmed on VSI and altimeter</text>
        <response>CONFIRMED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>ATC or CTAF — announce go-around; re-enter pattern as instructed</text>
        <response>ADVISED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="after-landing" phase="after_landing" criticality="normal">
      <title>After Landing</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps — retract after clearing active runway</text>
        <response>RETRACTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Transponder — remain in ALT until clear; verify with tower</text>
        <response>ALT OR AS DIRECTED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Landing light — reduce or extinguish per local practice after clearing runway</text>
        <response>AS APPROPRIATE</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — enrichened for taxi; lean for prolonged ground operation if applicable</text>
        <response>SET AS APPROPRIATE</response>
      </item>
    </section>
    <section id="shutdown" phase="shutdown" criticality="normal">
      <title>Shutdown and Securing</title>
      <item type="action" index="0" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Avionics master — OFF before engine shutdown to protect avionics</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="1" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>All electrical equipment — lights, pitot heat, non-essential loads</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="2" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Mixture — pull to ICO (idle cut-off) to shut down engine</text>
        <response>ICO — ENGINE STOPPED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="3" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Throttle — after engine stops</text>
        <response>CLOSED (IDLE)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="4" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Magnetos</text>
        <response>OFF (BOTH)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="5" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Master switch</text>
        <response>OFF</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="6" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Control lock</text>
        <response>INSTALLED ON YOKE AND RUDDER</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="7" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Parking brake</text>
        <response>SET; CHOCKS PLACED IF UNATTENDED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="8" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Flaps</text>
        <response>RETRACTED FOR TIE-DOWN</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="9" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Fuel selector</text>
        <response>BOTH (or per local practice)</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="10" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Hobbs and tach time — record for log; note any squawks</text>
        <response>RECORDED</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="11" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Post-flight walk-around — check for fuel or oil leaks, flight damage, or foreign-object ingestion</text>
        <response>COMPLETED, NO DISCREPANCIES</response>
      </item>
      <item type="action" index="12" tickable="true" memoryItem="false" indent="0">
        <text>Tie-downs and covers — wing and tail tie-downs secure; pitot cover installed</text>
        <response>SECURED</response>
      </item>
    </section>
  </sections>
</openChecklist>
