Cessna 150 M — Normal Operating Procedures (independently worded)

Preflight Walk-Around Aircraft documents (airworthiness certificate, registration, POH, weight and balance) ON BOARD AND CURRENT Required placards and markings IN PLACE AND LEGIBLE Fuel quantity — visually verify each tank CONFIRMED MATCHES GAUGES Fuel caps SECURED Fuel sumps (both tank drains and gascolator) — drain and check for water and correct grade CLEAR, CORRECT GRADE Engine oil level WITHIN OPERATING RANGE PER POH Engine compartment — inspect for leaks, loose fittings, bird nests, and foreign objects CLEAR AND SECURE Propeller and spinner — inspect for nicks, cracks, erosion, and security SERVICEABLE Nose gear strut and tire — check inflation and condition ADEQUATE AND SECURE Left main gear strut and tire ADEQUATE AND SECURE Left wing leading edge, skin, and fuel tank area NO DAMAGE Left aileron and hinges FREE, NO DAMAGE Left wing tip and navigation light SECURE AND SERVICEABLE Flaps — inspect hinges, actuator, and skin NO DAMAGE, RETRACTED Tail surfaces — elevator, rudder, hinges, and trim tab FREE AND SECURE Antenna and static wicks (if installed) SECURE AND UNDAMAGED Right wing — mirror of left side checks NO DAMAGE, ALL SECURE Right main gear strut and tire ADEQUATE AND SECURE Pitot tube cover removed, opening clear REMOVED AND UNOBSTRUCTED Static ports — check clear UNOBSTRUCTED Tie-down ropes and chocks removed REMOVED

Cockpit Preparation / Before Start Pilot and passenger briefing COMPLETE Seats — position adjusted for full rudder and brake pedal travel ADJUSTED AND LOCKED Seat belts and shoulder harness FASTENED AND SNUG All electrical switches OFF Avionics master or individual radio switches OFF Fuel selector valve BOTH ON Brakes — test for pressure and holding FIRM, HOLDING Flight controls — check full and free travel correct for inputs FREE AND CORRECT Elevator trim SET TO TAKEOFF POSITION Mixture control RICH Carburetor heat COLD (OFF) Circuit breakers ALL IN Doors and windows CLOSED AND LATCHED

Engine Start Parking brake SET Master switch (battery) ON Beacon / rotating anti-collision light ON Primer — use as required for conditions; lock after use AS REQUIRED, LOCKED Cold starts generally require more priming strokes than warm restarts. Consult the POH starting procedure for guidance by temperature. Always ensure the primer is fully in and locked before starting to avoid fuel injection into the engine at an uncontrolled rate. Throttle SLIGHTLY OPEN (APPROXIMATELY HALF INCH) Visually verify the propeller arc is clear, then call 'CLEAR PROP' Ignition switch START, THEN RELEASE TO BOTH Oil pressure RISES WITHIN 30 SECONDS — IF NOT, SHUT DOWN Throttle REDUCE TO IDLE WARM-UP RPM Ammeter POSITIVE CHARGE INDICATION Engine instruments CHECKED AND IN RANGE

After Start / Before Taxi Avionics and radios ON, SET FOR DEPARTURE Transponder SET CODE AND ALTITUDE MODE Altimeter SET TO CURRENT ALTIMETER SETTING Directional gyro / heading indicator ALIGNED WITH COMPASS Engine oil temperature WARMING — ALLOW TO REACH MINIMUM BEFORE RUN-UP ATIS or weather information OBTAINED Taxi clearance OBTAINED OR FIELD CLEAR Lights — as required for conditions SET

Run-Up / Before Takeoff Parking brake SET Engine oil temperature and pressure IN GREEN ARCS Mixture RICH (ADJUST FOR DENSITY ALTITUDE PER POH) Carburetor heat COLD (OFF) Throttle — advance to run-up power per POH RUN-UP RPM SET Magnetos — test LEFT, then RIGHT, then BOTH; note RPM drop on each magneto DROPS WITHIN POH LIMITS, RETURNS ON BOTH Maximum allowable RPM drop on a single magneto and the maximum spread between the two magnetos are specified in the aircraft POH and are not stated here. A rough or excessive drop requires investigation before flight. Carburetor heat — apply and monitor for RPM change, then return to COLD SLIGHT RPM DROP (ICE CHECK), THEN COLD A smooth RPM drop and subsequent rise when returning to COLD indicates the carb heat is functioning. An initial RPM drop followed by a rough idle suggests carburetor ice was present and is clearing. Throttle — reduce to idle and verify idle is smooth IDLE SMOOTH AND STABLE Suction gauge (vacuum) IN GREEN ARC Flight controls — final check for free and correct deflection FREE AND CORRECT Flaps — set for departure (select if short-field; normally up) SET AS REQUIRED Elevator trim TAKEOFF POSITION Altimeter and heading indicator SET AND CROSS-CHECKED Takeoff briefing — abort point, engine-failure action, departure routing BRIEFED Doors and windows LATCHED Parking brake RELEASED

Takeoff Runway clear — confirm no traffic on final or crossing CLEAR Transponder ALTITUDE (ALT) MODE Throttle — advance smoothly to full power FULL POWER Engine instruments at full power IN RANGE Maintain directional control with rudder — use right rudder for propeller torque Lift-off — rotate at airspeed per POH AIRSPEED PER POH Climb attitude established after lift-off BEST RATE OR SHORT-FIELD SPEED PER POH

Climb Airspeed — establish normal climb speed per POH CLIMB SPEED PER POH Carburetor heat COLD UNLESS ICING CONDITIONS SUSPECTED Throttle FULL POWER (OR AS PER POH FOR CRUISE CLIMB) Mixture RICH OR LEANED PER POH FOR HIGH-ALTITUDE FIELDS Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure IN GREEN ARCS Trim ADJUST FOR HANDS-OFF CLIMB Scan for traffic and maintain clearing turns as appropriate

Cruise Throttle — set cruise power per POH performance tables CRUISE POWER SET Carburetor heat — check for suspected icing conditions; otherwise cold COLD, OR ON AS REQUIRED Mixture — lean per POH for altitude and power setting LEANED PER POH Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, ammeter IN RANGE Fuel quantity — note quantity and check against flight plan burn ADEQUATE FOR PLANNED FLIGHT PLUS RESERVE Trim ADJUSTED FOR LEVEL FLIGHT Altimeter and directional gyro CHECK AND RESET AS NEEDED Maintain cruise altitude, track, and traffic scan

Descent Carburetor heat — apply before reducing power to prevent carburetor icing ON BEFORE POWER REDUCTION Fixed-pitch carbureted engines are particularly susceptible to carburetor ice during power reductions. Apply carb heat before throttling back in the descent. Throttle — reduce to descent power setting DESCENT POWER SET Mixture ENRICHEN AS DESCENDING Altimeter SET TO DESTINATION SETTING ATIS / destination weather OBTAINED Airspeed — within POH structural limits BELOW VA AND VNO PER POH Engine instruments IN RANGE

Before Landing Seat belts and shoulder harness SECURE Fuel selector valve BOTH ON Mixture RICH Carburetor heat ON AS REQUIRED FOR CONDITIONS Landing light ON Flaps — extend to desired setting for approach type AS REQUIRED PER POH Approach airspeed ESTABLISHED PER POH Runway — check clear, confirm wind and runway selection CLEAR, CONFIRMED

Landing Final approach airspeed — maintain stabilised approach APPROACH SPEED PER POH Transition to landing flare — arrest rate of descent and allow aircraft to settle onto the runway After touchdown, maintain directional control with rudder and allow roll-out Brakes — apply smoothly as needed; avoid locking wheels APPLIED AS REQUIRED Carburetor heat COLD (OFF) AFTER CONFIRMED ON GROUND Flaps — retract after clearing the runway UP

Go-Around Throttle FULL POWER — SMOOTH AND IMMEDIATE Carburetor heat COLD (OFF) Flaps — reduce incrementally to avoid losing altitude RETRACT INCREMENTALLY PER POH Pitch attitude — establish positive climb CLIMB ATTITUDE AND AIRSPEED PER POH Trim ADJUST FOR CLIMB Announce intentions on radio and re-enter the traffic pattern

After Landing Carburetor heat COLD (OFF) Flaps RETRACTED Landing light OFF (OR PER PREFERENCE) Transponder STANDBY OR AS DIRECTED Taxi clear of the runway before performing any checklist items

Shutdown and Securing Parking brake SET Avionics and all electrical accessories OFF Throttle IDLE Allow engine to idle briefly to cool cylinder heads before shutdown Mixture IDLE CUTOFF (PULL FULL AFT) Ignition switch — wait for propeller to stop, then turn off OFF Master switch (battery) OFF Control lock INSTALLED Fuel selector valve BOTH ON OR OFF PER LOCAL PRACTICE Tie-downs and chocks INSTALLED Pitot cover INSTALLED Walk around aircraft for post-flight inspection — note any damage, leaks, or discrepancies