#	Cessna 150 M — Normal Operating Procedures (independently worded)
#	NOT FOR FLIGHT — source fidelity: not_applicable | operational review: none | completeness: normal_only | 1 unresolved safety defect(s)
#	Source: authored — no source document
#	Rights: original_expression CC-BY-4.0
#	Checklist hash: 7b69feeca1a81c08e73ec09cb641db4c33461c2bb13f19390f7a4dcaf2da688a
#	Verify against the aircraft's own approved documentation before use.
section_id	phase	criticality	section_title	item_index	item_id	type	tickable	memory_item	indent	text	response	condition	detail
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	0		action	yes	no	0	Aircraft documents (airworthiness certificate, registration, POH, weight and balance)	ON BOARD AND CURRENT		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	1		action	yes	no	0	Required placards and markings	IN PLACE AND LEGIBLE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	2		action	yes	no	0	Fuel quantity — visually verify each tank	CONFIRMED MATCHES GAUGES		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	3		action	yes	no	0	Fuel caps	SECURED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	4		action	yes	no	0	Fuel sumps (both tank drains and gascolator) — drain and check for water and correct grade	CLEAR, CORRECT GRADE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	5		action	yes	no	0	Engine oil level	WITHIN OPERATING RANGE PER POH		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	6		action	yes	no	0	Engine compartment — inspect for leaks, loose fittings, bird nests, and foreign objects	CLEAR AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	7		action	yes	no	0	Propeller and spinner — inspect for nicks, cracks, erosion, and security	SERVICEABLE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	8		action	yes	no	0	Nose gear strut and tire — check inflation and condition	ADEQUATE AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	9		action	yes	no	0	Left main gear strut and tire	ADEQUATE AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	10		action	yes	no	0	Left wing leading edge, skin, and fuel tank area	NO DAMAGE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	11		action	yes	no	0	Left aileron and hinges	FREE, NO DAMAGE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	12		action	yes	no	0	Left wing tip and navigation light	SECURE AND SERVICEABLE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	13		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — inspect hinges, actuator, and skin	NO DAMAGE, RETRACTED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	14		action	yes	no	0	Tail surfaces — elevator, rudder, hinges, and trim tab	FREE AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	15		action	yes	no	0	Antenna and static wicks (if installed)	SECURE AND UNDAMAGED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	16		action	yes	no	0	Right wing — mirror of left side checks	NO DAMAGE, ALL SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	17		action	yes	no	0	Right main gear strut and tire	ADEQUATE AND SECURE		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	18		action	yes	no	0	Pitot tube cover removed, opening clear	REMOVED AND UNOBSTRUCTED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	19		action	yes	no	0	Static ports — check clear	UNOBSTRUCTED		
preflight-inspection	preflight_inspection	normal	Preflight Walk-Around	20		action	yes	no	0	Tie-down ropes and chocks removed	REMOVED		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	0		action	yes	no	0	Pilot and passenger briefing	COMPLETE		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	1		action	yes	no	0	Seats — position adjusted for full rudder and brake pedal travel	ADJUSTED AND LOCKED		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	2		action	yes	no	0	Seat belts and shoulder harness	FASTENED AND SNUG		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	3		action	yes	no	0	All electrical switches	OFF		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	4		action	yes	no	0	Avionics master or individual radio switches	OFF		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	5		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector valve	BOTH ON		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	6		action	yes	no	0	Brakes — test for pressure and holding	FIRM, HOLDING		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	7		action	yes	no	0	Flight controls — check full and free travel correct for inputs	FREE AND CORRECT		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	8		action	yes	no	0	Elevator trim	SET TO TAKEOFF POSITION		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	9		action	yes	no	0	Mixture control	RICH		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	10		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF)		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	11		action	yes	no	0	Circuit breakers	ALL IN		
cockpit-preparation	before_start	normal	Cockpit Preparation / Before Start	12		action	yes	no	0	Doors and windows	CLOSED AND LATCHED		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	0		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	SET		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	1		action	yes	no	0	Master switch (battery)	ON		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	2		action	yes	no	0	Beacon / rotating anti-collision light	ON		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	3		action	yes	no	0	Primer — use as required for conditions; lock after use	AS REQUIRED, LOCKED		Cold starts generally require more priming strokes than warm restarts. Consult the POH starting procedure for guidance by temperature. Always ensure the primer is fully in and locked before starting to avoid fuel injection into the engine at an uncontrolled rate.
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	4		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	SLIGHTLY OPEN (APPROXIMATELY HALF INCH)		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	5		challenge	yes	no	0	Visually verify the propeller arc is clear, then call 'CLEAR PROP'			
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	6		action	yes	no	0	Ignition switch	START, THEN RELEASE TO BOTH		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	7		action	yes	no	0	Oil pressure	RISES WITHIN 30 SECONDS — IF NOT, SHUT DOWN		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	8		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	REDUCE TO IDLE WARM-UP RPM		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	9		action	yes	no	0	Ammeter	POSITIVE CHARGE INDICATION		
engine-start	engine_start	normal	Engine Start	10		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments	CHECKED AND IN RANGE		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	0		action	yes	no	0	Avionics and radios	ON, SET FOR DEPARTURE		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	1		action	yes	no	0	Transponder	SET CODE AND ALTITUDE MODE		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	2		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter	SET TO CURRENT ALTIMETER SETTING		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	3		action	yes	no	0	Directional gyro / heading indicator	ALIGNED WITH COMPASS		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	4		action	yes	no	0	Engine oil temperature	WARMING — ALLOW TO REACH MINIMUM BEFORE RUN-UP		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	5		action	yes	no	0	ATIS or weather information	OBTAINED		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	6		action	yes	no	0	Taxi clearance	OBTAINED OR FIELD CLEAR		
after-start	after_start	normal	After Start / Before Taxi	7		action	yes	no	0	Lights — as required for conditions	SET		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	0		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	SET		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	1		action	yes	no	0	Engine oil temperature and pressure	IN GREEN ARCS		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	2		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	RICH (ADJUST FOR DENSITY ALTITUDE PER POH)		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	3		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF)		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	4		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — advance to run-up power per POH	RUN-UP RPM SET		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	5		action	yes	no	0	Magnetos — test LEFT, then RIGHT, then BOTH; note RPM drop on each magneto	DROPS WITHIN POH LIMITS, RETURNS ON BOTH		Maximum allowable RPM drop on a single magneto and the maximum spread between the two magnetos are specified in the aircraft POH and are not stated here. A rough or excessive drop requires investigation before flight.
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	6		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — apply and monitor for RPM change, then return to COLD	SLIGHT RPM DROP (ICE CHECK), THEN COLD		A smooth RPM drop and subsequent rise when returning to COLD indicates the carb heat is functioning. An initial RPM drop followed by a rough idle suggests carburetor ice was present and is clearing.
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	7		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — reduce to idle and verify idle is smooth	IDLE SMOOTH AND STABLE		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	8		action	yes	no	0	Suction gauge (vacuum)	IN GREEN ARC		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	9		action	yes	no	0	Flight controls — final check for free and correct deflection	FREE AND CORRECT		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	10		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — set for departure (select if short-field; normally up)	SET AS REQUIRED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	11		action	yes	no	0	Elevator trim	TAKEOFF POSITION		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	12		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter and heading indicator	SET AND CROSS-CHECKED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	13		action	yes	no	0	Takeoff briefing — abort point, engine-failure action, departure routing	BRIEFED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	14		action	yes	no	0	Doors and windows	LATCHED		
before-takeoff	before_takeoff	normal	Run-Up / Before Takeoff	15		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	RELEASED		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	0		action	yes	no	0	Runway clear — confirm no traffic on final or crossing	CLEAR		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	1		action	yes	no	0	Transponder	ALTITUDE (ALT) MODE		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	2		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — advance smoothly to full power	FULL POWER		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	3		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments at full power	IN RANGE		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	4		challenge	yes	no	0	Maintain directional control with rudder — use right rudder for propeller torque			
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	5		action	yes	no	0	Lift-off — rotate at airspeed per POH	AIRSPEED PER POH		
takeoff	takeoff	normal	Takeoff	6		action	yes	no	0	Climb attitude established after lift-off	BEST RATE OR SHORT-FIELD SPEED PER POH		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	0		action	yes	no	0	Airspeed — establish normal climb speed per POH	CLIMB SPEED PER POH		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	1		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD UNLESS ICING CONDITIONS SUSPECTED		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	2		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	FULL POWER (OR AS PER POH FOR CRUISE CLIMB)		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	3		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	RICH OR LEANED PER POH FOR HIGH-ALTITUDE FIELDS		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	4		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure	IN GREEN ARCS		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	5		action	yes	no	0	Trim	ADJUST FOR HANDS-OFF CLIMB		
climb	climb	normal	Climb	6		challenge	yes	no	0	Scan for traffic and maintain clearing turns as appropriate			
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	0		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — set cruise power per POH performance tables	CRUISE POWER SET		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	1		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — check for suspected icing conditions; otherwise cold	COLD, OR ON AS REQUIRED		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	2		action	yes	no	0	Mixture — lean per POH for altitude and power setting	LEANED PER POH		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	3		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments — oil temperature, oil pressure, ammeter	IN RANGE		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	4		action	yes	no	0	Fuel quantity — note quantity and check against flight plan burn	ADEQUATE FOR PLANNED FLIGHT PLUS RESERVE		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	5		action	yes	no	0	Trim	ADJUSTED FOR LEVEL FLIGHT		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	6		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter and directional gyro	CHECK AND RESET AS NEEDED		
cruise	cruise	normal	Cruise	7		challenge	yes	no	0	Maintain cruise altitude, track, and traffic scan			
descent	descent	normal	Descent	0		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat — apply before reducing power to prevent carburetor icing	ON BEFORE POWER REDUCTION		Fixed-pitch carbureted engines are particularly susceptible to carburetor ice during power reductions. Apply carb heat before throttling back in the descent.
descent	descent	normal	Descent	1		action	yes	no	0	Throttle — reduce to descent power setting	DESCENT POWER SET		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	2		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	ENRICHEN AS DESCENDING		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	3		action	yes	no	0	Altimeter	SET TO DESTINATION SETTING		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	4		action	yes	no	0	ATIS / destination weather	OBTAINED		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	5		action	yes	no	0	Airspeed — within POH structural limits	BELOW VA AND VNO PER POH		
descent	descent	normal	Descent	6		action	yes	no	0	Engine instruments	IN RANGE		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	0		action	yes	no	0	Seat belts and shoulder harness	SECURE		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	1		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector valve	BOTH ON		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	2		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	RICH		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	3		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	ON AS REQUIRED FOR CONDITIONS		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	4		action	yes	no	0	Landing light	ON		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	5		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — extend to desired setting for approach type	AS REQUIRED PER POH		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	6		action	yes	no	0	Approach airspeed	ESTABLISHED PER POH		
before-landing	before_landing	normal	Before Landing	7		action	yes	no	0	Runway — check clear, confirm wind and runway selection	CLEAR, CONFIRMED		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	0		action	yes	no	0	Final approach airspeed — maintain stabilised approach	APPROACH SPEED PER POH		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	1		challenge	yes	no	0	Transition to landing flare — arrest rate of descent and allow aircraft to settle onto the runway			
landing	landing	normal	Landing	2		challenge	yes	no	0	After touchdown, maintain directional control with rudder and allow roll-out			
landing	landing	normal	Landing	3		action	yes	no	0	Brakes — apply smoothly as needed; avoid locking wheels	APPLIED AS REQUIRED		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	4		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF) AFTER CONFIRMED ON GROUND		
landing	landing	normal	Landing	5		action	yes	no	0	Flaps — retract after clearing the runway	UP		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	0	ga-throttle	action	yes	yes	0	Throttle	FULL POWER — SMOOTH AND IMMEDIATE		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	1	ga-carb-heat	action	yes	yes	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF)		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	2	ga-flaps	action	yes	yes	0	Flaps — reduce incrementally to avoid losing altitude	RETRACT INCREMENTALLY PER POH		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	3		action	yes	no	0	Pitch attitude — establish positive climb	CLIMB ATTITUDE AND AIRSPEED PER POH		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	4		action	yes	no	0	Trim	ADJUST FOR CLIMB		
go-around	go_around	abnormal	Go-Around	5		challenge	yes	no	0	Announce intentions on radio and re-enter the traffic pattern			
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	0		action	yes	no	0	Carburetor heat	COLD (OFF)		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	1		action	yes	no	0	Flaps	RETRACTED		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	2		action	yes	no	0	Landing light	OFF (OR PER PREFERENCE)		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	3		action	yes	no	0	Transponder	STANDBY OR AS DIRECTED		
after-landing	after_landing	normal	After Landing	4		challenge	yes	no	0	Taxi clear of the runway before performing any checklist items			
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	0		action	yes	no	0	Parking brake	SET		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	1		action	yes	no	0	Avionics and all electrical accessories	OFF		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	2		action	yes	no	0	Throttle	IDLE		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	3		challenge	yes	no	0	Allow engine to idle briefly to cool cylinder heads before shutdown			
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	4		action	yes	no	0	Mixture	IDLE CUTOFF (PULL FULL AFT)		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	5		action	yes	no	0	Ignition switch — wait for propeller to stop, then turn off	OFF		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	6		action	yes	no	0	Master switch (battery)	OFF		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	7		action	yes	no	0	Control lock	INSTALLED		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	8		action	yes	no	0	Fuel selector valve	BOTH ON OR OFF PER LOCAL PRACTICE		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	9		action	yes	no	0	Tie-downs and chocks	INSTALLED		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	10		action	yes	no	0	Pitot cover	INSTALLED		
shutdown	shutdown	normal	Shutdown and Securing	11		challenge	yes	no	0	Walk around aircraft for post-flight inspection — note any damage, leaks, or discrepancies