# Aerolite 103 (Kawasaki 340 swap) — Normal and Emergency Procedures # NOT FOR FLIGHT — source fidelity: not_applicable | operational review: none | completeness: partial | 1 unresolved safety defect(s) # Source: authored — no source document # Rights: original_expression CC-BY-4.0 # Checklist hash: 2758e8ae0d512d361333e011725ec8bf1f9f325545e37b884ac47b8fc7e53019 # Verify against the aircraft's own approved documentation before use. section_id phase criticality section_title item_index item_id type tickable memory_item indent text response condition detail part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 0 note no no 0 This aircraft is operated as an ultralight vehicle under 14 CFR Part 103. It has no airworthiness certificate and no N-number, and the pilot needs no certificate or medical. part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 1 challenge yes no 0 Single occupant only part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 2 challenge yes no 0 Day, visual conditions only part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 3 challenge yes no 0 Not over congested areas or open-air assemblies of people part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 4 challenge yes no 0 Not in Class A, B, C or D airspace without prior ATC authorization part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 5 caution no no 0 Part 103 imposes no maintenance or inspection requirement. Nobody else is checking this aircraft. The preflight is the entire inspection programme. part-103-limitations limitations normal Part 103 Operating Limitations 6 caution no no 0 Weight check after the engine swap: the twin and the added battery are heavier than the single they replaced. Confirm the aircraft still meets the Part 103 empty weight limit, because exceeding it makes this an unregistered aircraft rather than an ultralight vehicle. preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 0 subtitle no no 0 Cockpit preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 1 action yes no 1 Master switch OFF preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 2 action yes no 1 Ignition switches OFF preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 3 action yes no 1 Fuel shutoff valve OFF preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 4 action yes no 1 Restraint harness CONDITION CHECKED preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 5 action yes no 1 Control stick and pedals FREE, FULL TRAVEL, CORRECT SENSE preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 6 subtitle no no 0 Airframe preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 7 action yes no 1 Wing struts, lift struts and attach bolts SECURE, SAFETIED, NO CRACKS preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 8 action yes no 1 Sail and fabric NO TEARS, SEAMS INTACT, LACING SECURE preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 9 action yes no 1 Control cables, pulleys and clevis pins CONDITION, SAFETY PINS PRESENT preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 10 action yes no 1 Tail surfaces and hinges SECURE, FREE MOVEMENT preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 11 action yes no 1 Landing gear, tires and bungees CONDITION, INFLATION preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 12 subtitle no no 0 Engine and propeller preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 13 warning no no 0 Treat the propeller as live at all times. A two-stroke can fire on a single blade movement with the ignition off if a switch or ground lead has failed. Keep the propeller arc clear and never stand in it. preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 14 action yes no 1 Propeller blades and bolts NO NICKS OR CRACKS, TORQUE MARKS ALIGNED preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 15 action yes no 1 Engine mount and rubber isolators SECURE, NO CRACKS preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 16 action yes no 1 Exhaust system and springs SECURE, NOT CRACKED preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 17 action yes no 1 Both carburettors LINKAGE FREE AND EVEN, SYNCHRONISATION MARKS ALIGNED New with the twin. An out-of-sync pair makes one cylinder work harder than the other, which on a two-stroke is a path to a holed piston. Not applicable to the single-cylinder baseline aircraft. preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 18 action yes no 1 Fuel lines and primer bulb NO CHAFING, NO WEEPING preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 19 action yes no 1 Fuel quantity and mix CHECKED, CORRECT OIL RATIO Confirm the premix ratio against the Kawasaki manual for this engine and oil. It is not necessarily the same ratio the previous engine used, and running a two-stroke on straight fuel will seize it. preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 20 action yes no 1 Fuel sample CLEAR, NO WATER preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 21 subtitle no no 0 Electrical (added with the swap) preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 22 action yes no 1 Battery terminals and mount SECURE, NO CORROSION preflight preflight_inspection normal Preflight Inspection 23 caution no no 0 There is no alternator. The battery starts the engine and is not recharged in flight. A battery that turned the engine over slowly today will not start it at a away-field, and nothing in Part 103 requires anyone to notice that before you go. engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 0 action yes no 0 Area behind aircraft CLEAR engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 1 action yes no 0 Wheels CHOCKED OR BRAKES HELD engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 2 action yes no 0 Fuel shutoff valve ON engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 3 action yes no 0 Primer bulb FIRM engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 4 action yes no 0 Throttle CLOSED engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 5 action yes no 0 Choke, both carburettors ON TOGETHER AS REQUIRED FOR TEMPERATURE Both must come on and off together. Choking one side only runs that cylinder rich and the other lean. engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 6 action yes no 0 Master switch ON engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 7 challenge yes no 0 "Call ""CLEAR PROP""" engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 8 action yes no 0 Ignition switches BOTH ON engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 9 action yes no 0 Starter ENGAGE IN SHORT BURSTS engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 10 action yes no 0 Choke OFF PROGRESSIVELY AS ENGINE PICKS UP engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 11 action yes no 0 Warm up PER ENGINE MANUAL BEFORE ADVANCING THROTTLE The twin takes longer to reach even temperature across both cylinders than the single did. A cold run-up is the classic path to a seizure. engine-start engine_start normal Engine Start (Kawasaki 340, electric) 12 action yes no 0 Both cylinder head temperatures RISING AND ROUGHLY EQUAL A persistent split between cylinders points at a carburettor sync or air leak problem. Nothing on the baseline single-cylinder aircraft corresponds to this check. before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 0 action yes no 0 Harness TIGHT AND LOCKED before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 1 action yes no 0 Controls FREE AND CORRECT before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 2 action yes no 0 Ignition check EACH CIRCUIT, DROP WITHIN LIMITS before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 3 action yes no 0 Full throttle static RPM PER ENGINE MANUAL FOR THIS PROPELLER PITCH Different from the baseline aircraft: both the engine and the propeller pitch changed. Establish the correct figure for this combination and placard it. before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 4 action yes no 0 Both cylinder head temperatures IN RANGE before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 5 action yes no 0 Windsock and traffic CHECKED before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 6 action yes no 0 Engine failure plan BRIEFED Decide before takeoff where the aircraft goes if the engine stops at 50 feet, at 200 feet, and at circuit height. before-takeoff before_takeoff normal Before Takeoff 7 caution no no 0 A two-stroke should be treated as an engine that will stop without warning. The twin is smoother than the single it replaced, which makes it easier to trust and no more likely to keep running. Do not depart over terrain that offers no landing option. engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 0 warning no no 0 Do not attempt to turn back to the runway. At this aircraft's altitude, speed and glide performance a turn back will stall it. engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 1 efato-attitude action yes yes 0 Nose LOWER IMMEDIATELY TO GLIDE ATTITUDE engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 2 efato-landing-area action yes yes 0 Landing area STRAIGHT AHEAD, WITHIN 30 DEGREES engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 3 efato-fuel action yes yes 0 Fuel shutoff valve OFF engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 4 efato-ignition action yes yes 0 Ignition switches OFF engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 5 efato-master action yes yes 0 Master switch OFF Added with the electrical system. The baseline aircraft has no master switch to turn off. engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 6 action yes no 0 Harness TIGHT engine-failure-after-takeoff engine_failure_after_takeoff emergency Engine Failure After Takeoff 7 challenge yes no 0 Flare and land, accepting damage to the aircraft to protect the occupant shutdown shutdown normal Shutdown and Securing 0 action yes no 0 Throttle IDLE shutdown shutdown normal Shutdown and Securing 1 action yes no 0 Ignition switches OFF shutdown shutdown normal Shutdown and Securing 2 action yes no 0 Ignition switches CONFIRM ENGINE STOPS WITH SWITCHES OFF If the engine continues to run with both switches off, the ignition ground has failed. Stop the engine with the fuel valve and do not fly again until the fault is found. shutdown shutdown normal Shutdown and Securing 3 action yes no 0 Fuel shutoff valve OFF shutdown shutdown normal Shutdown and Securing 4 action yes no 0 Master switch OFF Added with the electrical system. Leaving it on flattens a battery that nothing recharges in flight. shutdown shutdown normal Shutdown and Securing 5 challenge yes no 0 Chock, tie down or hangar the aircraft